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In this paper, Cu nanowire based anisotropic conductive film (ACF) has been systematically investigated in terms of its fine-pitch potential, electrical/ mechanical properties, process related issues and failure mechanisms. A test chip module including daisy-chain and 4-point structures was fabricated by electroplating and photolithography process, which has 160, 80, 40 and 30 μm bond pad pitches...
Flip-chip interconnection technology based on anisotropic conductive film (ACF) has been selected to assemble multiple chips (i.e. ASICs — Application-Specific Integrated Circuits) on a flexible substrate in an electro-acoustic module. The chips are relatively large with a high number of I/O pins distributed over its area (on the order of 100 mm2). In this work, the processes of bonding one single...
The long time stability of solder joints on Ag-based thick film pastes has been studied. Therefore shear strength, electrical resistance, temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR), optical inspections of solder surface and cross section analyses have been performed. Samples of 1206 and 0805 SMD-components mounted with SnAgCu, SnPbAg, SnBi and SnCu on Ag/Pd or Ag/Pt conductors were prepared. To detect...
In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were being transferred onto fabric by stamping to produce different conductive regions. The resistive part acts as the transducer of the device using piezoresistive effects. The scope of this project is to investigate the effect of stamping processing parameters to the fabricated textile-based Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS). We show that the force...
The impact when a motorcyclist involves in a high speed accident without wearing a helmet is very dangerous and can cause fatality. Wearing a helmet can reduce shock from the impact and may save a life. There are many countries enforcing a regulation that requires the motorcycle's rider to wear a helmet when riding on their motorcycle, Malaysia is an example. With this reason, this project is specially...
Projectile is an important part of the anchoring system for landing on small bodies. It penetrates into the small bodies and supplies anchoring force to avoid flowing away of the lander. In order to advance the anchoring force of the projectile, a structural changing projectile is designed. Structural changing modes are discussed, and then a projectile is designed. The anchoring performances of the...
This paper develops a motor function recovery exercise device to perform intensive repetition of facilitation exercise for motor functional recovery of the hemiplegic fingers. On the facilitation exercise, active finger expansion can be realized and facilitated by stretch reflex. When the figer is being flexed passively, a stimulation tapping is applied instantaneously on the finger for making strech...
The mole is an axially symmetric intrusion device, which can be treated as a carrier of different sensors that investigate the subsurface environment and properties of the material component. To some extent, the maximum penetration depth of a single stroke for hammer-driven mole is not only limited by the stroke energy but also the influence of the soil resistance which links to the shape of the front...
In the past few decades demand for Multi Terrain Robot applications have been increased significantly. These robots can be employed for the purpose of security surveillance and rescue purposes in the remote areas. In remote areas the terrain is not uniform and hence stability of the robot becomes a challenging task. In this paper, a new design is proposed for the mobile robot, which aims to perform...
The function of fire control system on armored vehicle and the importance of test and evaluation (T&E) for weapon system were described. Composition and working principle of automatic force application system were introduced. For specific problems appeared in use of force sensor, outlier detection of measured data and its generating reason were analyzed with 3σ and Romanovski criteria. In which,...
Cycling is highly regarded as one of the important sports in international tournaments. The bicycle statistical information parameters can be used to improve and refine the cyclist training. Knowledge of the bicycle parameters, for instance pedal power, cadence and speed can improve the cyclists' performance. Above all these parameters, the pedal power considered as the most important parameter to...
Multi-voltage technique is an effective way of power saving in system-on-a-chip (SoC) designs. However, as the technology nodes continue to shrink, the voltage drop constraint in multiple power domains presents serious obstacles in power/ground (P/G) network design of wire-bonding package. In this paper, a voltage drop aware power pad assignment and floor planning method for multi-voltage SoC designs...
With the rapid progress in science and technology, the human society advances from industrial society to post-industrial society. People pay more and more attention to the role of information. Objective demand for information greatly stimulates the development of information technology, such as TCM Literature and Database, and global information network has been set up quickly. Information resources...
In this article, the driving performance of two electric vehicles of the latest generation clean powertrain cars is evaluated. The vehicles under test are an electric Peugeot iOn, and an AGV electric version of the Ford Transit Connect. For different torque-speed operating conditions at wheel level, the vehicles are evaluated for their battery to wheel — electrical to mechanical — power conversion...
A high-speed railway virtual reality system can vividly show the train running process, traction and braking control performance using 3D computer graphics technology. As a major part of virtual reality system, the traction and braking performance have great significance to the effect of the rain running. This paper researches the basic theory of train traction and braking calculation, which can be...
Superconducting devices in power generation, transmission and distribution imply the use of electrical contacts in liquid nitrogen LN2 atmosphere. In electrical power engineering, reliable operation of electrical contacts is essential for the system availability. This paper presents the results of experimental work and calculations of films' influence on the surface of electrolytic tough pitch copper...
This paper reports the contact resistance evolution results of thin film, sputtered gold with encapsulated Ag colloids, micro-contacts dynamically tested up to 3kHz. The upper contact support structure consists of a sputtered gold surface micromachined, fixed-fixed beam designed with sufficient restoring force to overcome adhesion. The hemisphere-upper and planar-lower contacts are mated with a calibrated,...
Electromechanical switching device while making & breaking an electrical circuit is subjected to arcing which is responsible for faster contact wear out, burning of insulation and conductive tracking between the poles. This leads to premature failure and poor electrical life of the device. To avoid the above problem it has been a practice to use solid state switching device. However owing to its...
Electrical contacts such as those involved in connectors are subject to critical fretting wear damage due to vibration. To increase electrical contact resistance (ECR) endurance, noble layer such gold or silver can be applied. However, when these top layers are worn through the introduction of copper and nickel oxides debris extracted from the substrate, fretting wear process drops ECR endurance....
Methodology and results are presented for numerical simulations and field experiments using point absorption ocean wave energy harvesting buoy systems, using the heave motion of the buoys to produce useful electrical power. Two approaches, a direct-drive system and a resonant-drive system are analyzed. These systems are not designed for large scale grid power applications, but rather for relatively...
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