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This paper experimentally explores thin film micro-contact pairs of Au-Au, Au-Ru and Au-RuO2 through the utilization of thin-film contact resistance and spreading resistance theory. Contacts of various combinations of material pairs, including evaporated Au lower planar contact and sputtered Au, Ru or Au-RuO2 upper hemispherical contact were fabricated and their performance monitored through many...
This paper presents a comparison of the resistance performance of Au-Au micro-contacts fabricated with planar and engineered lower contacts. Gray-scale lithography was used to construct 3D structures into photoresist. The structures were then etched into a silicon wafer using a Trion reactive ion etch (RIE) system. The engineered lower contact surfaces consisted of 2D pyramids and 3D pyramid patterns...
This paper reports the contact resistance evolution results of thin film, sputtered gold with encapsulated Ag colloids, micro-contacts dynamically tested up to 3kHz. The upper contact support structure consists of a sputtered gold surface micromachined, fixed-fixed beam designed with sufficient restoring force to overcome adhesion. The hemisphere-upper and planar-lower contacts are mated with a calibrated,...
This paper presents the micro-contact performance comparison between contact pairs of Au/Au and composite contact pairs Au/Au-CNT. The Au/Au-CNT micro-contact's planar lower contact interface is an Au-CNT composite film with encapsulated CNTs. Micro-contact performance is affected by factors such as applied micro-contact force, temperature, current density, etc. At the micro-contact interface, asperities...
Summary form only given. Demand Response has been a part of the ISO New England footprint since before the inception of markets in 1999. During this panel session we will identify what ISO New England issues will need to be solved to fully deploy DR at the wholesale levels. Some of the issues that will be discussed and identified are the following: What are the benefits of previously implemented DR...
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