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The growing up diffusion of the electrically propelled vehicles brings the problem of the establishment of an appropriate infrastructure network and of adequate technical assistance support for their maintenance and repair, over their cycle life. A specific professional formation is a requisite for all people acting in these new technology field. The Project TECMEHV, initiated in October 2011, in...
In this paper a battery model for life-preserving conditions is developed. For the identified adverse effects, a battery operation range is defined. The operation range is wide enough to obtain good performance of the battery but it also prevents battery malfunctioning and the need of battery replacement decreases. With a close-up operation range, a new mathematical battery model with both accuracy...
A Continuous Variable Transmission (CVT) is introduced in the simulation model of a Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV). The CVT-based vehicle simulation and its control are deduced from the Energetic Macroscopic Representation (EMR). Simulations are provided to show the interest of the CVT in term of fuel consumption.
Electric boats (EBoats)1 have a major role to play for the transportation of passengers, and even goods, into the centre of the cities endowed with seaborne or fluvial paths or in each places to fit the environmental rules decided by local authorities to limit the access to protected water areas. Waterways accessing downtown are identified in many cities as relevant commuting solutions. Three market...
In this paper, an overview of the main findings in vehicle LCA is performed. This overview covers both methodological issues and results. The main challenges in terms of modelling the vehicle production, the vehicle use phase and the End-of-Life are addressed. For each of these vehicle life cycle phases, the main modelling approaches and data existing in the literature are studied. Finally, a comparison...
This paper presents a method to define the optimum sensor performance to meet customer requirements on asynchronous motor performance parameters such as efficiency or output torque ripple. The method uses simulation: a speed sensor-bearing simulation tool is coupled with an asynchronous motor model of the electromechanical parts as well as the motor control to perform a reduced Design of Experiments...
This paper presents three-different high efficiency and low costs electric machines types for automotive applications. For the PM machines with the single-layer concentrated windings, a novel stator topology with magnetic flux barriers in the stator teeth is used to increase the power density and the efficiency of the machine. Using this technique the material amount for the considered PM machine...
The reduction of greenhouse gas global emissions, the increasing cost of carbon-based fuels, expected demand growth in the upcoming years, highlight the need of efficient and environmentally sustainable vehicular technologies that do not generate CO2 emissions. Within this context, the Electric Vehicle constitutes the most promising alternative to conventional automobiles. However, one of the main...
This paper describes a project based learning program carried out in the E.T.S.I.I. of the University of Malaga, Spain, whose main objective is the organization of a team for the development of experimental electric racing vehicles and their evaluation in competitive races. It is shown the work done during the first two years of the project, highlighting the most important aspects of the experience:...
Increasing demands of eco-friendly vehicles, various types of hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) have been researched and released. Recently, some research has interest in not only the efficiency of the vehicle but also the durability of battery because the life of battery has influence on the cost of maintenance, stability and performance of the vehicle. In this study, backward simulation based on dynamic...
Cost-effectiveness is extremely important for the success of electric road transport. At the Rotterdam University of Applied Science a cost model was developed that uses a Functional Unit (FU) to create the possibility to objectively compare operational costs (TCO) of Electric Vehicles (EV) with Internal Combustions Engine Vehicles (ICEV). Four studies on different EVs were conducted in practice over...
In a scenario of small and customized production of electric vehicle, it is important to set methods and tools to evaluate the Li-Ion cells heat source in EV battery. The main problem of the new lithium batteries is represented by the need to keep the battery packs at uniform and constant temperatures and avoid peaks of temperatures which cause degradation of performance and safety problem. The main...
Electric vehicles are broadly considered to have a great potential for reducing emissions from transportation and are sometimes presented as a ‘one-size-fits-all’ solution. A simulation study was performed to forecast least emitting options for single vehicles as well as for total light duty vehicle fleets in the Canadian provinces of Québec, Ontario and Alberta for the year 2025. The study used the...
Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) have emerged as near term sustainable technologies to reduce fossil-fuel dependency. The variation in fuel economy (FE) due to the variation in driving patterns exists in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). Powertrain component size optimisation based on a methodology considering a range of driving patterns including different traffic conditions and driving styles simultaneously...
Based on actual use data recorded by a volunteer driving an EV under the condition that the distance involved in his weekday commute to and from the workplace was almost equal to the catalogue travel mileage, both speed management and refraining from the use of auxiliary devices such as the heater are indicated as measures to alleviate the range anxiety of the EV. Firstly, to clarify the performance...
A technique capable of identifying electric vehicle (EV) mass in real-time has been a topic of research for several years due to the advantages it presents, such as the ability to dramatically improve range estimates, perform more effective torque vectoring for ABS/ESC, track delivery vehicle weight, etc. Some crucial issues in mass identification impede an easy implementation of such an algorithm,...
Interoperability of charging infrastructures is a key success factor for E-Mobility. Standards like ISO/IEC 15118 and IEC 61851-1 are developed to ensure base level interoperability of front-end communication and signaling processes for smart charging between electric vehicles and charge spots. With the Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP) a forum of European industry members also moves towards a common...
DC internal resistance (IR) is considered one of the most important parameters of a battery, as it is used to evaluate the battery's power performance, energy efficiency, aging mechanisms or equivalent circuit modeling. In electric vehicle (EV) applications, the IR during charge gives also essential information related with regenerative braking and dynamic charge efficiency. In this work, we tested...
Real time state of charge (SoC) and state of health (SoH) monitoring plays an essential role in electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles and generally in battery powered applications. Between these two state estimations, only the SoC has been studied rigorously until the current dates, while SoH or capacity estimation are much less referenced on the literature. Additionally, the SoC and the SoH...
In-Wheel motor torque transmission concepts enable the realization of innovative solutions for the electric or hybrid new vehicle platforms. Protean Drive system integrates in the unused space behind the wheels and provides unique performances in terms of generated power, torque and compactness. The performance gain with respect to other more conventional arrangements is due to the full integration...
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