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To evaluate long-range cross-correlated behavior observed in bivariate time series, detrended cross-correlation analysis (DCCA) was proposed. In the DCCA, trends embedded in each time series are eliminated via piecewise least-squares polynomial fitting in the same way as the detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA). In this paper, as an improved variant of DCCA, we propose a DCCA method using the Savitzky-Golay...
This paper brings a comparison of the traps identified in triple-gate FinFETS and Gate-All-Around (GAA) nanowire (NW) MOSFETs built with the same technological process. Traps have been identified using low frequency noise (LFN) spectroscopy, giving information on which process steps may be improved in order to build better devices.
Today, Internet of Things (IoT) is an important and very popular technical and research area, as IoT systems provide opportunity to continuously monitor our environment in a cost-effective way. One really important parameter is the quality of the air since it significantly influences comfort and health. Fluctuation Enhanced Sensing (FES) is a promising method to increase the selectivity and sensitivity...
Energy harvesting of ambient energy of different forms has attracted considerable attention of researchers from both theoretical and applied fields. Whereas a typical design of energy harvester is based on a resonant structure — a linear oscillator — aimed at a harmonic excitation, in practice the behaviour of a harvester deviates from linear, and ambient excitations have a much more complex structure...
Electromigration (EM) strongly decreases the reliability of micro-electronics interconnects and becomes more problematic as scaling continues. Remedial measures are required, but therefore EM mechanisms first have to be understood. The standard, accelerated EM test methods are time-consuming, destructive and provide only limited physical understanding. We demonstrate that low-frequency (LF) noise...
Schottky diodes are key elements of RF and terahertz electronics. The design of the lateral Schottky with the contact directly to the side of the electron 2D channel in GaN/AlGaN system provides an advantage of extremely small capacitance and series resistance. The lateral Schottky devices based on high quality GaN/AlGaN heterostructures were grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The current voltage characteristics...
GaN-based nanoribbons (NRs) represent important structures because of their unique transport properties. They have high breakdown voltage and can be scaled down to nanosizes. We studied the transport and noise properties of NRs in a wide temperature range applying different external treatments: ultraviolet (UV) excitation and high voltage bias. Characteristic features in the form of bumps were revealed...
In this paper, we propose image segmentation by Suprathreshold Stochastic Resonance (SSR) after filtering with anisotropic diffusion (AD). AD, which is used to remove the noise and to preserve the significant detail of image like lines, edges etc. It is followed by SSR, which uses the noise for segmentation of the noisy and blurred color images having different brightness values. This algorithm has...
Junctionless p+-p-p+ silicon nanowire (NW) field-effect transistors with various geometries were fabricated. Noise measurements were performed for the samples with different widths and in different operation modes. Results demonstrate significant changes in noise and Hooge parameter when the NW geometry is changed. The dependences obtained can be explained by considering the different impacts of the...
A stochastic model based on the Monte Carlo technique able to reproduce the steady state and the action potential in neurons in terms of the probabilities for different ions to cross the cell membrane is presented. Gating channels for sodium and potassium cations and leakage channels are considered following the Hodgkin-Huxley equations. Ion shot noise, this is, the noise associated to the random...
To characterize long-range power-law correlations and fractal scaling behavior, detrending-operation-based analysis methods, such as the detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) and the detrending moving average analysis (DMA), have become widely used. We here present a general framework to provide the mathematical foundations of such scaling analysis methods. Our ramework can provide the rigorous relation...
The noise mechanisms in graphene and MoS2 are quite different. The noise characteristics of MoS2 transistors could be described by the McWhorter model. The range of the trap densities responsible for the 1/f noise in MoS2 extracted from the noise measurements is from ∼1018 eV−1cm−3 to ∼ 6×1020 eV−1cm−3. The smallest noise level and smallest trap density was found for multilayer MoS2 transistors with...
This paper presents an ultra-wide band, fully balanced, down converting frequency mixer MMIC that was designed for a high dynamic range radar receiver system. The multi-tanh triplet principle is used to achieve high linearity and good noise matching performance. A state of the art 0.13 µm SiGe BiCMOS process is employed for enabling an ultra-wide band operation. The design features minimum double...
Samples containing tunable cross-section gold nanojunctions were fabricated using advanced cleanroom technology. Low-frequency noise spectroscopy was applied to study peculiarities of the noise behavior of bare samples and those modified by organic molecules at low-voltage biases. Normalized noise power spectral density SI/I2 dependencies on the junction resistance (R) were analyzed. Before the break...
Generalized quantum measurement schemes are described by positive operator-valued measures going beyond the projection postulate, which predicts the instantaneous collapse of the systems wave function. This allows to take the noninvasive limit and investigate the correlations of such weak measurements which enables the observation of non-commuting observables within the same system. We propose a scheme...
Segmentation of the developing insect body is preceded by cell-specific gene expression. In fruit flies (Drosophila), pair-rule genes are expressed in spatial stripes specifying segment fates. Transcription of the even-skipped (eve) pair-rule gene was recently shown to proceed in noisy bursts. Here, we develop a stochastic model of eve transcription from DNA to mRNA. This indicates that eve transcription...
Molecular dynamics simulations is an important tool for understanding the function-structure relationship in biological macro-molecules. To link different time scales in the simulations and consider rare events in macro-molecules, different techniques introducing constant biasing forces are applied. For potassium KscA ion channel the application of standard biased techniques leads to inconsistent...
The spectral feature, especially spectral entropy, of sleep state has been studied in relation to various phenomena. While these studies show the importance of the spectral feature of sleep, their approaches have “Staging” or “Categorizing” process that make the analysis subjective or arbitrary. It is also unsatisfactory that physiological interpretation of the entropies estimated by their methods...
We recently presented [1] experimental results on multimode correlations obtained from pumped superconducting microwave cavity cooled down to its ground state. These correlations originate from an interaction of the pump field with the quantum fluctuations of vacuum in the cavity which includes a pump-amplitude-dependent reactance. In this paper we discuss the nature of the created multimode correlations...
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