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Embedded software is at the heart of many systems, including critical ones. It is therefore often mandatory to precisely identify, for a given application, the robustness level achieved with respect to various perturbations. This paper is focused on soft errors occurring in internal registers of pipelined processors. Two criticality evaluation approaches are compared; one based on criteria evaluated...
Soft errors in the configuration memory of SRAM-based FPGAs cause significant and remanent application disturbances. However, classical mitigation techniques based on massive redundancy are too costly for most applications. The method presented in this paper is based on selective redundancy in partially used LUTs. It can be applied so that no hardware is added at the system level and it has been automated...
Product or design quality encompasses many aspects. One of them is the robustness with respect to perturbations. This robustness depends on the implementation technology, but can also be improved at design time. This paper is focused on designs implemented in SRAM-based FPGAs that are sensitive to soft errors in the configuration memory. An approach is proposed to increase the dependability with respect...
Soft errors in the configuration memory of SRAM-based FPGAs cause significant application disturbances. We demonstrate on Xilinx and Altera FPGAs the feasibility of a very low cost and automated mitigation approach and we evaluate its efficiency.
Several criteria can be used to evaluate the criticality of registers and memory locations at compile time. This evaluation is useful to guide optimizations with respect to robustness constraints and soft error mitigation. In this paper, we analyze in detail the impact of compilation optimizations on the system dependability, using four different criteria. We show that optimizations enabled by default...
Several criteria can be used to assess the criticality of registers or variables at compile time and to guide software optimization with respect to robustness constraints. On the basis of such criteria, we analyze in detail the impact of compilation optimizations on the system dependability. We show that optimizations enabled by default lead to criticality increase. However, selectively picking optimizations...
Multiple errors are an increasing concern for designers. Multiple errors in the configuration memory have to be taken into account when a circuit is implemented on a SRAM-based FPGA. This paper reports on the impact of realistic multiple-bit errors in the configuration, with respect to the robustness of a processor with error detection mechanisms.
An increasing number of applications rely on embedded systems for a correct behavior or user interaction. Many of these systems are today considered critical (for safety, security ... or just for competitiveness), but cannot be expensive and often need flexibility. SRAM-based FPGAs are good candidates to implement such systems but their main disadvantage is their relatively high probability of application...
Determining the dependability of integrated systems with respect to soft errors is necessary for a growing number of applications. The most critical information must be identified when selective hardening is necessary to achieve good efficiency/cost trade-offs. In processor-based systems, the most critical variables must thus be identified in the application program. An improved algorithm for critical...
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