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Far Infrared Astronomy is one of the last explored fields in astronomy. Several bolometer cameras have already been developed with several hundred or more pixels and there is rapid progress in this area, however high resolution spectroscopy using heterodyne receivers have still not reached that level of maturity. Indeed, until now, only single pixel or small size arrays have been achieved in a handful...
We report on developments of the camera for 590 GHz radiation which has been stitched from four 12×12 antenna-coupled field-effect transistor detector (TeraFET) arrays and supplemented with parallelized low noise read-out electronics. In the current state, the read-out speed of 740 frames-per-second (fps) for a 12×12 element segment has been achieved. It is anticipated that in the final state the...
Properties of antenna-coupled microbolometers optimized for room temperature 300 GHz and 600 GHz resonant frequency detection is reported. Dipole antenna placed on freestanding SiN membrane is used to couple THz radiation power to the titanium-based thermo-resistor. We demonstrate that antenna-coupled micro-bolometers can be well suited for beam profile imaging of the THz pulses emitted by the photoconductive...
The sensitivity of uncooled microbolometer detectors to terahertz radiation can be significantly improved by enhancing the platform absorption. This paper presents the various aspects of design and optimization of metamaterial based frequency selective terahertz absorber. It also briefly discusses the microfabrication of terahertz microbolometer focal plane array which was recently developed at INO.
A continuous-rate CDR based upon a digital dual delay/phase locked loop is reported. This CDR is implemented in 0.13μm CMOS and operates from 6.5Mb/s to 11.3Gb/s. It exceeds all SONET jitter specifications from OC-3 to OC-192, with random jitter of 452fs at 9.95Gb/s. The die area is 2×2mm2, and is implemented in a 24-pin LFCSP.
The Readout Integrated Circuit (ROIC) consists of charge integration, charge to voltage conversion, Pixel voltage multiplexing, signal transfer and amplification stage. The control circuit manages all the sequential events from charge integration to amplification stage. The large dynamic range requirement is the most challenging aspect in modern CMOS process. The infrared (IR) detectors looks for...
We studied and characterized the beam steering effect for THz radiation based on the doubly-corrugated spoofed surface plasmon polariton (DC-SSPP) architecture and analyzed the design of a high-speed THz analog-to-digital converter (ADC). Metal-covered GaAs are used to form both arms of an interferometer, while voltage-controlled, localized carrier concentration provides modulation to the signal propagating...
An analytical spectral model to efficiently characterize direct power detectors located on the focal plane of focusing THz systems is presented. The model is obtained by extending a Fourier Optics like representation of the electromagnetic field in the focal plane to the THz domain and combining it with a recently developed equivalent network representation. This analytical model is then use to efficiently...
In this paper we proposed UHF RFID signal Detector to detect the RFID Reader's signal strength and polarization. The Detector is constructed with as an array where each unit cell has dual-polarized dipole and mw-dc conversion circuit and LED lamp. The antenna bandwidth is 82 MHz (868 MHz-950 MHz) with S11<−10dB to cover US and Europe RFID band requirements. Calculated diode conversion efficiency...
We have proposed a novel direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation antenna based on the mono-pulse system. The DOA estimation antenna is constructed with microstrip antennas and Magic-T circuits which generate Σ and Δ signals from received RF signals. As the Both-sided MIC technology is used for the feed circuit, the proposed antenna has a good performance with simple structure. In this paper, a DOA estimation...
Hetero junction Bipolar Transistor (HBT) and High Electron Mobility Transistor (HEMT) arrays are commonly used for RF and microwave high speed and high power applications. Thermoreflectance imaging can be utilized to understand the transient thermal characteristics of a GaN HEMT device. A time resolution of 50 ns clearly shows the thermal location-dependent time constants for the device, which could...
This paper presents a novel design of a 12-bit 1MS/s SAR (Successive Approximation Register) ADC for CdZnTe (CZT) detectors application. For this SAR ADC, the main-DAC is with charge redistribution architecture to meet with low power dissipation and high speed, and the sub-DAC is a resistive divider to guarantee the linearity. To reduce the mismatches of the capacitances in the charge redistribution,...
This paper presents a high performance THz imaging array using advanced CMOS technology. The single element of the 0.3 THz 4×4 45 nm CMOS imaging array is composed of a high-efficiency differential on-chip antenna meeting all metal-density rules, which is coupled to a differential detector and a low noise CMOS IF amplifier. The array results in an NEP of 100 pW/Hz1/2, a responsivity of 1.8–2.0 kV/W...
Despite the LCD monitor manufacturing costs per square inch dropping below $2 this year, full-size, 14″×17″ digital chest x-ray detector systems are still being sold commercially for tens of thousands of dollars, for two main reasons. First, the extra required p+ doped silicon layer cannot be deposited in the same fabrication facility as a standard thin-film transistor panel for LCD monitors. Secondly,...
One way of performing indoor localization of objects is by means of Angle of Arrival (AoA). This technology is based on a phased antenna array which estimates the angle of arrival of an incident wave transmitted by a mobile node. This is achieved by measuring the relative phase shifts between the received signals. This paper presents the construction of a Phase Locked Loop (PLL) which synchronizes...
In this paper we report the novel assembly method of a biosensor unit based on 64 pixel photodetector array with a proprietary semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) quantum well (QW) hybrid structure. There is significantly lower dark current for optimized high sensitivity detector. The capacitive trans-impedance amplifier (CTIA)-correlated double sampling (CDS) readout circuit can readout weak optical...
The surface detector (SD) array of the Pierre Auger Observatory containing at present 1680 water Cherenkov detectors spread over an area of 3000 km2 started to operate since 2004. The currently used Front-End Boards are equipped with no-more produced ACEX® and obsolete Cyclone® FPGA (40 MSps/15-bit of dynamic range).
A processor-based Data Acquisition System (DAQ) for an array of Kinetic Inductance Detectors (KIDs) is described. KIDs are superconductive bolometers, in which any incident radiation could change the inductance of the detector. An array of N KIDs is composed of N detectors, each one resonating on its own frequency. A feed-line passes close to each KID and delivers a unique Stimulus signal containing...
In this work we present the fully digital Front End Electronics (FEE) read out system developed for the GALILEO array. The system, developed in collaboration with the Advanced Gamma Tracking Array (AGATA) collaboration, is composed of three main blocks: preamplifiers, digitizers and preprocessing electronics. The slow control system contains a custom Linux driver, a dynamic library and a server implementing...
Single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) arrays have proven themselves as serious candidates for time of flight positron emission tomography (PET). Discreet readout schemes mitigate the low-noise requirements of analog schemes and offer very fine control on threshold levels and timing pickup strategies. A high optical fill factor is paramount to timing performance in such detectors, and therefore space...
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