The Infona portal uses cookies, i.e. strings of text saved by a browser on the user's device. The portal can access those files and use them to remember the user's data, such as their chosen settings (screen view, interface language, etc.), or their login data. By using the Infona portal the user accepts automatic saving and using this information for portal operation purposes. More information on the subject can be found in the Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. By closing this window the user confirms that they have read the information on cookie usage, and they accept the privacy policy and the way cookies are used by the portal. You can change the cookie settings in your browser.
To mitigate the total power consumption in any circuit, ASICs or FPGAs, various conventional power gating techniques has been adopted depending upon the need of the application, dynamically controlled power gating procedure is one such power gating technique which can be used to reduce the total leakage power consumption of the circuit during the runtime. It can be applied on the real time application...
The Wave Dynamic Differential Logic (WDDL) is considered as a relevant hardware countermeasure to increase the robustness of cryptographic devices against Differential Power Attacks (DPA). However, to guarantee its effectiveness, the routing in both the direct and complementary paths must be balanced, to obtain equal propagation delays and power consumption on differential signals.
As fabrication process technology continues to advance, mask set costs have become prohibitively expensive. Structured ASICs can offer price and performance between ASICs and FPGAs. They are attractive for mid-volume production and offer good intellectual property security. In this paper, a structured ASIC methodology, where 2 metal- and 1 via-mask are customised, is described. The CAD tools are fully...
The Wave Dynamic Differential Logic (WDDL) offers an affective way to address Differential Power Attack (DPA). However, the effectiveness of this countermeasure is guaranteed provided the routing of both the real and complementary paths is balanced, to obtain equal propagation delays and power consumption on differential signals. This paper addresses the problem of timing unbalance. First, we propose...
Using fixed-point arithmetic rather than floating-point for data processing can significantly reduce the cost and power consumption of embedded systems. Unfortunately, this also shifts the burden of managing the data representation from run time to compile time, and in many cases the task of compile-time optimization must be done manually. A number of attempts have been made to formalize this process,...
Per-flow queuing is believed to be an effective approach to guarantee Quality of Service (QoS) in high performance routers. However, its brute-force implementation consumes a huge amount of memory and is not scalable as the number of flows increases. Dynamic Queue Sharing (DQS) mechanism, in which a physical queue is dynamically created on-demand when a new flow comes and released when the flow temporarily...
In deep-submicron era, wire delay is becoming the bottleneck while pursuing high system clock speed. Several distributed register (DR) architectures are proposed to cope with this problem by keeping most wires local. In this paper, we propose the distributed register-file microarchitecture with inter-island delay (DRFM-IID). With such delay consideration, synthesis task is inherently more complicated...
Field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) allow the same silicon implementation to be programmed or reprogrammed for a variety of applications. It provides low NRE (non-recurring engineering) cost and short time to market. As CMOS technology continue to scale down to nanometer, increased power consumption and worsened process variation become crucial constraints for FPGAs. The survey reviews the process...
There is a continuously increasing demand for lower power consumption and higher operating frequencies in digital systems. In addition, external or operation-induced disturbances may significantly affect circuit functionality or performance. This paper analyzes the effect of power supply disturbances on the propagation delays of digital circuits implemented in Spartan-3A FPGAs and demonstrates that...
The Wave Dynamic Differential Logic (WDDL) is a promising countermeasure to protect cryptographic devices from Differential Power Attacks (DPA). But the key challenge is to maintain symmetry between dual networks, so as to obtain equal propagation delays and power consumption on differential signals. In this paper, we deal with the problem of timing unbalance. We study the impact of different placement...
Security devices are vulnerable to differential power analysis (DPA) that reveals the key by monitoring the power consumption of the circuits. In this paper, we present the first DPA attack against an FPGA implementation of the camellia encryption algorithm with all key sizes and evaluate the DPA resistance of the algorithm. The Camellia cryptographic algorithm involves several different key-dependent...
Interconnections play a crucial role in todays deep sub-micron designs because they dominate the delay, power and area. This is especially critical for modern million-gates FPGAs, where as much as 90% of chip area is devoted to interconnections. Multiple-valued logic allows for the reduction of the required number of signals in the circuit, hence can serve as a means to effectively curtail the impact...
This paper presents a low-power FPGA with multiple supply voltages. In the proposed FPGA, the supply voltage of each logic block is self-adaptive to the workload, data path and temperature to minimize the power consumption without system performance degradation. In the self-adaptive voltage control scheme, features of the asynchronous architecture are exploited. The data arrival of the asynchronous...
In this paper an all-digital pulse output direct digital synthesizer (DDS) is described. The synthesizer is fully implemented on FPGA and does not require any external analog components. Selective over-sampling and tapped delay line are used to reduce jitter and improve spectral performance. Selective over-sampling relaxes the requirements on the delay line with a minor effect on power consumption...
The secret key stored in a cryptographic device can be revealed from the power consumption using statistical analysis in a technique known as differential power analysis (DPA). However, DPA attacks are sensitive to measurement misalignments in the power samples that reduce the dependency between the power and the data. A countermeasure technique that increases this misalignment by inserting random...
This paper presents a direct method of reducing convolution processing time using hardware computing and implementations of discrete linear convolution of two finite length sequences (NXN). This implementation method is realized by simplifying the convolution building blocks. The purpose of this research is to prove the feasibility of an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) that performs...
Several regular parallel trees have been proposed over the years to optimize logic depth, area, fan-out and interconnect count for logic circuits. In this paper, we propose a comparative study of different parallel prefix trees used in the design of a new end-around carry (EAC) adder targeting FPGA technology. This new adder is based on the fast 128-bit binary floating-point EAC adder which has been...
Energy-performance tunable circuits enable the user to adjust the energy and performance of a chip after fabrication to suite the particular application, thus increase the overall power efficiency of the chip. Two tunable interconnect architectures are proposed. Pseudo-static interconnect achieves the same performance as static interconnect while consuming only 65% as much energy and provides 2X wider...
Modern applications exhibit increased complexity which introduces extra constraints during implementation related to delay, power consumption and silicon area. This problem is even more important when we deal with digital system processor (DSP) kernels, as there are demands for even higher clock frequencies and logic densities, which cannot be satisfied with existing design technologies. Three-dimensional...
In this paper, the novel mechanical switch device: suspended-gate FET is applied to FPGA development. This device offers almost an ideal subthreshold swing and a hysteretic resistance switching, opening opportunities for low-power applications. The proposed device can be used as the building block of programmable elements and memory of an FPGA. Based on this device, the proposed FPGA architecture,...
Set the date range to filter the displayed results. You can set a starting date, ending date or both. You can enter the dates manually or choose them from the calendar.