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All online social networks gather data that reflects users' profiles, interactive behaviors and shared activities. This data can be used to extract users' interests and make recommendations. According to abundant personal data, recommenders can identify information relevant for individuals. To reveal users' different preferences explicitly, we present a rule-based method which supports different recommendation...
In this paper, a novel DOA matrix method based on first order statistics is proposed, which can estimate two-dimensional (2-D) direction of arrival (DOA) for coherent signals at the cost of less computational complexity. Firstly, the pseudo autocovariance matrix and pseudo cross covariance matrix are constructed by the first order statistics of array received data, and the rank of the matrix is proved...
This paper proposes a novel method to resolve carrier phase estimation ambiguities based on modulation symbols. The differential time delay between received channels is estimated and then ambiguous number is obtained. Any interelement spacing can be larger than half-wavelength and no redundant antennas are required in this method. Multi-phase shifting keying (MPSK) signal is detailedly analyzed as...
Ion channels play critical roles in transporting chemical species into and out of cells. Ion channels are also targets for drug discovery and new receptor-based analytical technologies. To better understand ion channel structure and function, a high throughput membrane protein characterization microsystem is being developed. This microsystem integrates a 1024-element array of planar bilayer lipid...
Because membrane proteins are critically important in biological processes and among the most prevalent drug targets, a thorough understanding of their structure and function is highly desired. However, this has been difficult to achieve due to the laborious nature of existing tools and techniques for membrane protein studies. This paper presents a new microsystem concept for high throughput membrane...
Three dimensional (3-D) photoacoustic imaging is demonstrated in this study by using a 4 × 4 CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) micromachined capacitive ultrasonic sensor array. The sensing membranes are fabricated by a post-CMOS metal etch and sealed by parylene with a measured resonant frequency between 3 to 5.1 MHz. The area of a single detection unit is 280 × 280 μm2. A large 2-D aperture...
NROM is one of the emerging non-volatile-memory technologies, which provides very high data density, low fabrication cost, and better value stability. It is also promising for replacing current floating-gate-based non-volatile memory such as flash memory. In order to raise the fabrication yield and enhance its reliability, a novel test and repair flow is proposed in this paper. Instead of the traditional...
Calcification is one of the important indicators for early breast cancer detection. Although X-ray mammography is the well-established gold standard method for identifying microcalcifications (i.e., smaller than 0.5 mm), it is with ionizing radiation and thus there is inevitably carcinogenic risk. Ultrasound (US) imaging is a powerful adjunct to X-ray mammography for imaging of breast lesions. However,...
A monolithic chemiresistor (CR) array micro-system with microfluidic channel for micro gas chromatograph (μGC) is presented in this paper. A CMOS readout chip was designed for amplifying and conditioning the signal of a 4×2 MPN-coated CR array fabricated on the surface of the CMOS chip. A micro glass lid with input and output capillary tubes was developed as a gas flow channel and mounted on the CMOS...
In this study, we demonstrate the feasibility of three dimensional (3-D) photoacoustic imaging using a monolithic CMOS MEMS capacitive ultrasonic sensor. The sensing membranes are released by a post-CMOS metal etch and sealed by silicon dioxide. Nine membranes, each with an inner diameter of 60 µm, form a single detection unit with a capacitance value of 292.5 fF. The measured sensitivity is 151 mV...
Laser micro/nanopatterning by Contact Particles Lens Array (CPLA) has been extensively utilized but it is limited to hydrophilic surfaces. A technique is presented here to transfer CPLA by an adhesive surface to pattern hydrophobic surfaces.
An integrated amperometric instrumentation system with on-chip electrodes for biosensor arrays is presented. The mixed-signal integrated circuit supports a variety of electrochemical measurement techniques including linear sweep, constant potential, cyclic and pulse voltammetry. Implemented in 0.5 μm CMOS, the 3×3 mm2 chip dissipates 22.5 mW for a 200 kHz clock. The highly programmable chip provides...
Temperature plays an important role in protein characterization and sensing due to its strong effect on reaction rate. A thermal control microsystem for protein array sensing was developed and tested in a liquid environment. The on-chip microhotplates were implemented in standard CMOS without post-CMOS fabrication for thermal isolation. With only a 5 V supply, up to 45??C can be achieved in liquid,...
Let G(V, E) be a simple graph,k (1 les k les Delta + 1) is a positive integer, f is a mapping from V(G) upsi E(G) to {1, 2,..., k} such that foralluu, uw isin E(G), v ne w, f(uv) ne f(uw); foralluv isin E(G), if d(u) = d(v)then C(u) = C(v); we say that f is the adjacent vertex reducible edge-total coloring of G. The maximum number of k is called the adjacent vertex reducible edge-total chromatic number...
A new signal-selective direction finding algorithm which exploits the property of the cyclostationarity of incoming signals is proposed. After dimensionality reducing by projecting the observed array data onto the signal subspace, the array manifold matrix is identified by the simultaneous diagonalization structure of the matrix pencil consisting of the cyclic correlation matrix and the cyclic conjugate...
The scalability of PN diode and Field Effect Transistor (FETs) as a Phase Change Memory (PCM) driving device is investigated in this work. The study is carried using vertical Gate-All-Around (GAA) MOSFETs with the same cross-sectional channel geometry as the PN diodes. Through extensive 3-D device simulations from 90nm down to 22nm technology node, it is shown that both PN diode and cylindrical GAA...
Sidelobe contribution from off-axis scatterers degrades image quality in ultrasound imaging. Focusing errors resulting from sound-velocity inhomogeneities in tissues, also known as phase aberrations, reduce coherence of the received signals and thus elevates the sidelobe level degrading the contrast resolution. In this study, we proposed a novel adaptive sidelobe-reduction technique using aperture...
In this study, the current driving capability of PN diodes and field effect transistors (FETs) for phase change memory (PCM) applications is investigated. To have a fair comparison, vertical gate-all-around (GAA) MOSFETs with similar cross-section as the PN diodes are selected for comparison. Through extensive 3-D device simulations have been performed based on existing experimental data from the...
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