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Primary cilia are sensory organelles that protrude from the cell membrane. Defects in the primary cilium cause ciliopathy disorders, with retinal degeneration as a prominent phenotype. Here, we demonstrate that the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), essential for photoreceptor development and function, requires a functional primary cilium for complete maturation and that RPE maturation defects in ciliopathies...
Electronic interfaces to the nervous system are increasingly important for experimental neuroscience as well as medical diagnostics and therapies. Existing neural interfaces are limited, however, by the use of passive recording and stimulation devices that are connected to active electronics on separate physical platforms through large amounts of passive wiring. This manuscript proposes a new approach...
Implantable microelectrode arrays are key to gaining a better understanding of the brain and neural circuits, through large-scale stimulation and recording of neural activity. Sputtered iridium oxide film (SIROF) electrodes are optimized for efficient charge delivery during stimulation, but their recording properties have not been well studied. Noise and impedance are fundamental properties that have...
China's government has the ability to compel Chinese companies and its citizens working in the United States to assist the Chinese government with the broadly defined mission of “safeguarding State security.” As such, new safeguards should be put in place to better protect U.S. national security. These safeguards must ensure that the industries which make up the U.S. critical infrastructure are better...
A 2 GHz all-digital phase locked loop (ADPLL) with core components operating from a 300-mV supply is presented. Ultra-low voltage frequency division and phase/frequency quantization are performed by a ring oscillator that is superharmonically injection-locked to the digitally-controlled oscillator (DCO). An injection-locking technique is proposed which facilitates locking with no additional active...
An electrocardiography SoC is integrated into a formfitting textile along with flexible electrodes, battery and antenna. Clinically standard 12-lead ECG is recorded from this “smart shirt.” The data is encrypted and wirelessly transmitted via an on-chip ISM band radio and flexible antenna allowing secure, continuous cardiac monitoring on a smartphone while dissipating less than 1mW.
Recent advances in ultra-low power chip design techniques, many originally targeting wireless sensor networks, will enable a new generation of body-worn devices for health monitoring. We utilize the state-of-the-art in low power RF transmitters, low voltage boost circuits, subthreshold processing, biosignal front-ends, dynamic power management, and energy harvesting to realize an integrated reconfigurable...
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