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Orthogonal waveforms with good correlation properties are required for target detection in MIMO radar. In this paper, a waveform optimization method for the phase-coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (PC-OFDM) signal is proposed. The pulse compression property of the spatial synthesized PC-OFDM signal is firstly analyzed by theoretical derivation. According to the analysis results, the...
Using time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we show that an intense ultrashort mid-infrared pulse with energy below the bulk band gap hybridizes with the surface Dirac fermions of a topological insulator to form Floquet-Bloch bands.
The control charts are an effective tool to enhance quality in industrial sectors. To make full use of the sample' information in different stages and consider the parameter uncertainty risk in statistical process control, this paper introduces a reference prior distribution for the parameters in quality models, and constructs control with the warning limits and control limits in terms of the quality...
Fuzzy data analyses on metal nanocluster composites prepared by Cu ion implantation have been studied. Fast nonlinear optical refraction and nonlinear optical absorption coefficients were measured at 790 nm for Cu nanocluster composites by the Z-scan technique. With the increase of annealing temperature, the size of nanoclusters increased significantly, and optical nonlinearities was enhanced. Fuzzy...
The traditional method of centralized backup suffers from single point of failure and scalability problem. It is therefore beneficial to carry out the backup service over geographically distributed networks. Hence, redundant copies of data stored in such networks are essential to ensure the availability and reliability of the backup data. The main objective of this work is to balance and evenly distribute...
This paper presents some major integration challenges in Ultra low-k (ULK) Back-End-Of-Line (BEOL) interconnects for 45 nm and beyond. The discussions mainly address the challenges that arise from ultra violet (UV) curing that cause changes in the composition of Nitrogen doped Silicon Carbide (SiCN), poor mechanical strength of ULK, Reactive Ion Etching (RIE) and barrier deposition plasma induced...
Continuous integrated circuit (IC) package downsizing with increasing function integration have being the major evolving paths in the semiconductor industry for decades. As present packaging technologies such as lead-frame, wire bond ball grid array (BGA), and flip-chip BGA are approaching their limit gradually. An alternative new structure, the embedded technology is thus becoming one of potential...
The analytical model is developed to calculate the sheet carrier densities of InAlAs/InGaAs metal-oxide-semiconductor metamorphic high electron mobility transistor (MOS-MHEMT) with a thin InGaAs native oxide layer and conventional MHEMT structures. The electric field, potential, and sheet carrier density versus different position within the gate length are investigated for both structures.
In object-based storage system, metadata residing in metadata server (MDS) is crucial to the survival of overall system. Keeping metadata always available is becoming one of the key issues to be addressed for object-based storage system design and implementation. This paper presents a novel cooperative fault-tolerance mechanism for metadata server cluster, called Co-MDS. The Co-MDS consolidates disk...
A new algorithm for learning principal curves with definite mathematical representations is proposed based on combining the principal component analysis (PCA) and back-propagation (BP) network. The algorithm successfully turns an unsupervised learning problem into a supervised one by projecting a data set to its first component line and identifying the relation between the data points and their corresponding...
The frequency comb technique is a very useful method to measure the frequency of lasers accurately. The authors proposed a new method that is simpler and can be used for both high and low repetition rate frequency combs without the help of a wavemeter. The method is a two-step process. The authors first obtain a rough estimate of N by changing the repetition rate fr. a small amount such that no mode...
We report recent improvement in absolute frequency measurement of the 115In+5s21S0-5s5p 3P0 clock transition at 236.5 nm. Using a narrowline laser as a local oscillator, a linewidth of 43 Hz for the transition is resolved. The uncertainty of the transition frequency's centroid is 18 Hz, leading to a fractional uncertainty of 1.4 x 10-14. In the experiment, a single 115In+is trapped in a three-ring...
We report an improved absolute frequency measurement of the 5s21S0 -5s5p 3P0 narrowline clock transition at 236.5 nm, for a single trapped and laser cooled 115In+. Using a narrowline laser as the local oscillator, a linewidth of 43 Hz for the transition is resolved. For absolute frequency measurement we use an optical frequency comb referenced to a cesium clock The transition frequency is found to...
We demonstrate a method to determine the absolute mode number of a frequency comb when it is used for high precision laser frequency measurement, without the help of wavemeters. Our technique involves changing the repetition rate of the frequency comb in a two-steps process. Guidelines for choosing the correct repetition rates for different laser linewidths are given. As a demonstration, the absolute...
A novel orthogonal wiggle cell for either adjacent-reference architecture or self-reference architecture is proposed to enhance the read/write operation of MRAM. With reliability and non-disturbance of the device being verified, the mass production of MRAM is feasible because of the stabilized functionality and improved performance
The toggle cell of MRAM needs large current for writing. In this work, the negative pulse scheme for toggle writing is proposed, and the implemented architecture is also described. The scheme can reduce the writing current and improve the toggle yield. A single current source scheme is also designed to provide the symmetrical and bi-directional current
A single indium ion is being trapped and cooled via sideband cooling to its lowest vibrational states.We demonstrate a Hz-level laser system which is capable of measuring the 115In+1S0-3P0 clock transition with high accuracy.
Summary form only given. Plasma is a typical nonlinear dynamical system with a large number of degrees of freedom, which can exhibit a rich variety of dynamical behaviors. It is known that a lot of nonlinear dynamic phenomena, such as periodic doubling bifurcation, intermittency, quasiperiodicity, and chaos, have been observed and studied experimentally and numerically in driven or undriven plasma...
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