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Electrical equipment used in cold weather regions are subjected to different environmental conditions than most standard approvals cover. There are two main areas of concern for products used in cold weather — safety and function. For Class I classified locations the ability of the equipment to maintain its explosion protection properties at low temperatures is of major importance. Low temperatures...
A model is developed to determine the peak current required to weld closed contacts. The model considers: (1) the total contact resistance of the closed contacts by including the expected constriction resistance as well as the resistance resulting from the high temperature of the contact spot; (2) the effect of the 'blow-off' force from the passage of the current through the contact spot; and (3)...
Detectors that take full advantage of the energy confinement offered by surface waves could have significant performance advantages in dark current and optical functionality. We use a subwavelength patterned metal nanoantenna structure to convert incoming plane waves to these surface waves.
The growing demand of energy efficient systems is increasing day by day, therefore hybrid electrical energy storage devices is the need of the hour. In electrically operated vehicles and renewable power generation systems the energy storage is a very critical component. Ultra-capacitors are an emerging technology which can be used in combination with batteries for effective energy storage. It provides...
Photo-thermal radiometry (PTR) technique in frequency domain is well known as an effective mean of non-destructive infrared detection. Conventional PTR technique is developed for thermal diffusivity determinations of thin metal layers. In this paper, a simplified transmission PTR technique for accurate thermal diffusivity measurement of thin metal layer is presented. The thermal diffusivity of Cu...
Carbon-based nanostructures have been the center of intense research and development for more than two decades now. Of these materials, graphene, a two-dimensional (2D) layered material system, has had a significant impact on science and technology in recent years after it was experimentally isolated in single layers in 2004. The recent emergence of other classes of two-dimensional (2D) layered systems...
Continued miniaturization in combination with increased performance in microelectronics has generated an urgent need for improved thermal management techniques in order to maintain reliability in systems and devices. Thermal interface materials play a key role in the development of solutions for thermal management in microelectronics. In this paper, mechanical properties of a nanotechnology enhanced...
This paper describes the simulation of the phenomenon of nucleation of the precipitate Al3Sc in an Aluminum Scandium alloy using the kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) method and the density-based clustering with noise (DBSCAN) method to filter the simulation data. To conduct this task, kMC and DBSCAN algorithms were implemented in C language. The study covers a range of temperatures, concentrations, and dimensions,...
The paper introduces a fuzzy system meant to control the oxygen pressure and amperage of a CNC metal plate cutting machine. The fuzzy system control the oxygen pressure and the amperage by analyzing the plate thickness and type, which eliminates the possible human error in making such decision. The system was implemented using as hardware a Simatic S7-\300 PLC.
Product Life-Cycle Management (PLCM) starts when the idea of a product is born and lasts until complete dismissal through steps as requirements, analysis, design, part manufacturing, assembly, testing, diagnostics and operation, advertisement, service, maintenance, etc. Sustainable development or sustainability means — among others — to use as little materials, energy and water as possible. Our topics...
Nowadays many large companies have outsourced their product design. In such cases, a design subcontractor designs the product on the basis of a list of requirements and the desired property profile. In these circumstances, the actual engineering designer does not know where the product will be manufactured, nor the equipment used in the manufacturing process. This study presents the information required...
Due to their technological and economical advantage, laser machines are rapidly developed all over the world. Based on the theory of multi-body system (MBS), the error model of a five-axis multi-function laser machine including three slide and two rotating table was discussed. for the purpose of verification of above works, the double frequency laser interface detecting instrument of RENISHAW is used...
Micro end-milling is a highly-efficient machining process and can be used to machine high hardness metal mold directly; therefore, it is applied to the machining of micro channel structures. There are conventional methods to fabricate the micro channels such as lithography, etching and laser processing; however, they have some demerits of high cost, limitation of materials and complex processes. Machining...
In order to ensure full utilization of modern multi-functional manufacturing technologies, it is important that up-to-date information of the resource capabilities is always available for the design and planning activities. This paper presents an ontological approach for representing resources and their capabilities, and a framework in which the resource capabilities are matched with product requirements...
Dispersion effects and power dissipation by a conductive nanoparticle are revealed by its frequency dependent polarizability, which collectively represents the response of the charge species within the particle to an applied field when the particle diameter is small compared to the wavelength in the embedding medium. Plasmonic interactions in nanopaticles are impetus to a variety of novel device and...
In ablation controlled capillary discharges, the inner ablating sleeve is usually made of an insulator such as polyethylene or Lexan. There has been almost no use of metals, alloys, or semi-conductor materials in capillary discharges as most of the studies were devoted to the generation of high enthalpy plasma flows using polyethylene as the liner material. The work of Shcolnikov et al. [1995] provided...
Ever-increasing human activity means that we are depleting natural resources at an unprecedented rate. Over recent years the global extraction of natural resources has grown by 45%, from 40bn tonnes in 1980 to 62bn tonnes in 2005, and is forecast to reach 100bn tonnes by 2030. Such dramatic increases in demand have, of course, resulted in the ever increasing price of materials. In the long term price...
Microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are extracellular devices allowing both recording and electrical stimulation of neuronal or cardiac cells. Interfacing cellular networks with MEAs leads to a better knowledge and understanding of the mechanisms of biological tissue and can be used for restorative purposes using neural prosthesis. We report the fabrication of in vitro 8×8 and 4×15 planar boron-doped nanocrystalline...
Multilayered wire-grid polarizers (WGP) find application as low-reflection polarizers in projection-type liquid crystal display devices. We describe a design method for multilayered WGPs based on a monochromatic recursive convolution finite-difference time-domain algorithm. The goal is to identify suitable materials and thicknesses for the additional layers needed to lower the reflectivity.
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