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South African organisations that offer engineering services to the local and foreign market contribute significantly towards South Africa's overall Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The importance of engineering services in South Africa motivates the need to gain new insight into a sub-group of service marketing specific to the Sub-Saharan Africa cement market. The primary objective of this research is...
Deploying the so-called ‘Streaking Spectroscopy’ technique at LCLS, we demonstrate a non-invasive scheme for temporal characterization of X-ray pulses with sub-femtosecond resolution. Analyzing the substructure indicates pulse durations on the order of hundreds of attoseconds.
By reducing the oversampling factor to 1.33 and dynamically adapting the computational precision we demonstrate real-time 252 Gbit/s PDM-64QAM Nyquist sinc-pulse generation and optical transmission over 100 km ULAF.
There is growing interest in longer-term operation of the current US nuclear power plant (NPP) fleet. This paper presents an overview of prognostic health management (PHM) technologies that could play a role in the safe and effective operation of nuclear power plants during extended life. A case study in prognostics for materials degradation assessment, using laboratory-scale measurements, is briefly...
A real-time optical Nyquist pulse transmitter generates 150 Gbit/s PDM-64QAM data with 12 bit/s/Hz spectral efficiency. A 64-tap FIR pulse shaper improves the BER by adjusting the DSP accuracy dynamically from 6 to 11 bit.
We investigated the performance of Nyquist WDM and OFDM with respect to required DSP complexity. We demonstrate Nyquist pulse-shaping requiring less resources than IFFT-based OFDM for a similar performance. Tests are performed with QPSK/16QAM in a three-carrier WDM scenario.
This paper describes an extension to OpenMP for invasive computing. iOMP is being developed within the framework of the Transregional Collaborative Research Centre 89 (TRR89) funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG). Invasive computing allows the programmer to write resource aware parallel programs. The programs can specify to the resource management which and how many resource are required...
There is growing interest in longer-term operation of the current US nuclear power plant fleet. This paper will discuss technologies needed to ensure safe and effective operation of the existing fleet. There will be an increased need for condition-based maintenance applied to active components. It is increasingly recognized that new and advanced sensors and systems will be needed to enable the move...
Development of a strain sensor for rolling contact loads. - A strain sensor for high spatial resolution and low response time for rolling contact loads was developed and applied to an axial cylindrical roller bearing. The sensor consists of 100 nm thick titanium and is embedded in an aluminum oxide layer of 500 nm thickness that acts as a wear resistant and insulating layer. For an easy transfer of...
As interconnect dimensions decrease, the resistivity of copper increases dramatically because of electron scattering from surfaces, impurities, and grain boundaries (GBs), and threatens to stymie continued device scaling. Here we directly measure individual GB resistances in copper nanowires with a one-to-one correspondence to the GB structure. The resistance of high symmetry coincidence GBs is then...
This paper describes an approach to pipelining in high-level synthesis that modifies the control/data flow graph before and after scheduling. This enables the direct re-use of a pre-existing, timing- and area-aware non-pipelined simultaneous scheduler and binder. Such an approach ensures that the RTL output can be synthesized within the given timing and area constraints. Results from real industrial...
We present a discrete-event simulation model of the response of a local public health department (LHD) to pertussis cases. We take a comprehensive view of public health actions, beginning with detection of an individual patient, confirmation of the case by physician and lab tests, and contact tracing and isolation of contacts by LHD personnel. We explicitly model the information transfer between providers,...
Dynamic performance stubs provide a framework for the simulation of the performance behavior of software modules and functions. Hence, they can be used as an extension to software performance engineering methodologies. The methodology of dynamic performance stubs can be used for a gain oriented performance improvement. It is also possible to identify “hidden” bottlenecks and to prioritize optimization...
The detection of radioactive contraband is a critical problem in maintaining national security for any country. Emissions from threat materials challenge both detection and measurement technologies especially when concealed by various types of shielding complicating the transport physics significantly. The development of a model-based sequential Bayesian processor that captures both the underlying...
Wire bonding is the most widely used interconnection technology in microelectronics. Aggressive technology scaling has led to device miniaturization resulting in a need for ultra-fine pitch bonding. A deep understanding of the bond formation process will help improve wire bond process reliability and product yield. This paper reports on the study of ball bond (1st bond on the chip) formation process...
The detection of radioactive contraband is a critical problem is maintaining national security for any country. Photon emissions from threat materials challenge both detection and measurement technologies especially when concealed by various types of shielding complicating the transport physics significantly. This problem becomes especially important when ships are intercepted by U.S. Coast Guard...
Cu wire bonding is one of the hottest trends in electronic packaging due to the cost and the electrical and thermal performance advantages of Cu wire over Au wire. However, there are many challenges to Cu wire bonding, one of which is the increased stress transmitted to the bond pad during ball bonding process. This high stress is not desirable as it leads to pad damage or cratering in the silicon...
For GALILEO-based train-borne positioning systems, the digital map is a very essential and important element since it enables relating the measured sensor data to the geometry and topology of the track. This contribution points out the relevance of the digital map within a map-matching process, which is necessary for all GALILEO-based train positioning systems. It also focuses on the generation of...
Compared to WCDMA, the LTE radio access has a significantly shorter Transmission Time Interval (TTI) in order to reduce end-to-end delays. However, if a User Equipment (UE) at the cell edge is limited by its available transmission power, it may not be able to transmit an entire VoIP packet during one TTI, since the instantaneous source data rate is too high. Thus TTI bundling has been recently introduced...
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