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In this work, we present the use of nanomaterials such as silver nanowires (AgNWs), PEDOT:PSS and single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as nanocomposites for semi-transparent thermocouples (TCs). All materials are commercially available and are deposited to transparent conducting films by a scalable, facile and low-cost spraying technique. The thin-film TCs are characterized by a purposely developed...
In this study, we investigate the conversion of light-induced thermal energy to electrical energy by exploiting the piezo- and pyroelectric effect of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). Due to the transparency, high conductivity, surface coverage and a facile and scalable deposition process, spray-coated silver nanowire (AgNW) and PEDOT:PSS hybrid films are used as transparent top and bottom electrodes...
In this study, we present an environmentally friendly and solution-based synthesis for copper nanowires (CuNWs) at a moderate process temperature. Transparent electrodes (TEs) are fabricated by spray-deposition and evaluated in terms of their electro-optical performance. Using ImageJ, the CuNW diameters are determined in an automated and reproducible way. Without any post-processing, the films show...
Printed electronics become more and more relevant for applications in wearable electronics and sensors. Inkjet printing of silver nano-particles can be done at very low cost with a reasonably high precision and conductivity. In this paper, we investigate flexible patch antennas for wireless chip-to-chip communication scenarios, rapidly prototyped using an inkjet printing process. A patch antenna with...
We present the solution-based synthesis of silver nanowires (AgNWs) with an aspect ratio over 400 in a short growth time of 20 min. The addition of potassium chloride (KCl) during the growth regulates the supply of silver atoms and leads to an agglomerate-free and well-dispersed solution. Via a facile and scalable deposition technique, i.e. spray-coating, the AgNWs are deposited to transparent electrodes...
In this contribution, we will present a modeling approach based on a stochastic algorithm that can generate non-rigid solid objects in a three-dimensional space, emulating with high fidelity the typical fabrication processes involved (i.e. spray-coating). A randomly generated set of tube segments and tube junctions is converted into a netlist and the overall electrical behavior is computed via a SPICE...
This paper presents an efficient compact model of a single nanomagnet implemented in Verilog-A. A single magnet is the key element of nanomagnetic logic systems. Two field coupled nanomagnets act as a magnetic inverter. To verify the model, a circuit consisting of five such single magnets in a loop is simulated and the results are compared to an experiment on an fabricated inverter chain. To reproduce...
We show that physical-based compact modeling of field-coupled magnets is highly suitable to benchmark perpendicular Nanomagnetic Logic for comparison with other beyond-CMOS device candidates. Compact models enable simulation of the device behavior depending on the magnet's geometry, material, fabrication variations, clocking speed, temperature and noise. Logic computing reliability of the device is...
In this paper, we show that the time for domain wall (DW) nucleation in a magnet with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) has to be considered to ensure reliable computation in perpendicular Nanomagnetic Logic (pNML). A theoretical model for the time-dependent DW nucleation probability in field-coupled nanomagnets is applied. Conditions for reliable computation in pNML circuits are derived depending...
Nanomagnet Logic (NML) emerges as one of the promising “beyond CMOS” computing architectures. Proposed NML devices require magnetic field clocking, generated by a power-hungry clocking structure. We recently proposed clocking nanomagnets with magnetic domain walls. This paper presents a combined experimental and computational study, exploring the interaction between Co/Pt nanomagnets and Permalloy...
Nanomagnet logic (NML) emerges as a new field of spintronics. For NML operation, strong external magnetic clocking field pulses are required. The power-efficient generation of such fields is a challenge for magnetic computing. The idea of clocking Co/Pt nanomagnets with stray field from the domain wall of a Permalloy stripe was proposed in the earlier study. Here, we present a micromagnetic investigation...
Nanomagnet Logic (NML) is widely considered to be one of the promising for “beyond-CMOS” nanoscale architectures. So far only relatively simple circuits (nanomagnetic logic gates and adders) have been studied experimentally and in simulations. Here we investigate the possibility of building larger-scale computing devices from out-of-plane NML. We designed a systolic pattern matcher circuit that is...
In Nanomagnetic Logic (NML), computing operations are performed by non-volatile, field-coupled nanomagnets. For information propagation in nanomagnetic wires between logic gates, directed signal flow has to be implemented in the field-coupled devices. In this paper we present the solution for directed information propagation in a wire realized in NML with perpendicular magnetization. For the first...
A compact model for the design of nanomagnetic logic based on experiments with field-coupled nanomagnets is presented. Two different types of dots for signal propagation in a wire and logic operations in a majority gate are introduced. The switching behavior and the interaction of fabricated nanomagnets is analyzed by MOKE measurements. Partial irradiation with a focused ion beam (FIB) is used to...
Nanomagnetic Logic (NML) is a novel nanoscale computing paradigm based on field-coupled single-domain nanomagnets. Most of the studies so far have been focused on permalloy, where the easy axis of magnetization is in-plane. Co/Pt multilayer films, which exhibit large perpendicular anisotropy, were recently proposed as promising media for implementing NML. The operation of NML devices is based on magnetic...
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