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Mobile healthcare systems have great potential for continuous monitoring. These devices are often battery operated. Thus energy management in these wearable, wireless devices is a big challenge for longer durations. In this paper a systematic review of various techniques suggested in literature for energy efficiency and management in such wireless devices is presented. Various research efforts made...
Major requirements of wearable biosensor nodes include small size, light weight and low power consumption. It can be fulfilled by exploring various high integration technologies such as Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) or System on Chip (SoC) implementation. This paper presents SoC prototype of a Biosensor Node. Electrocardiogram (ECG), a vital body parameter, has been considered for...
The need to meet the ever-increasing spectrum demands of emerging wireless applications and the need to better utilize spectrum have led the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to revisit the problem of spectrum management. In the conventional spectrum management paradigm, most of the spectrum is allocated to licensed users for exclusive use. Recognizing the significance of the spectrum shortage...
mHealth is a growing concept across the globe. This is due to mobile access becoming more ubiquitous than the healthcare access in urban as well as rural areas. mHealth makes use of mobile communication technology for broad range of healthcare applications. It includes health information delivery, remote health monitoring of the patient, remote diagnosis and even remote treatment of the patients....
Spectrum sensing is the crucial task of a cognitive radio. Cognitive Radio (CR) have been advanced as a technology for the opportunistic use of underutilized spectrum where secondary users sense the presence of primary users and use the spectrum if it is empty, without affecting their performance. Spectrum sensing in CR is challenged by a number of uncertainties, which degrade the sensing. The discrete-time...
Cognitive radio is an emerging technology in the area of wireless communication. IEEE 802.22 WRAN is a first newly established standard for cognitive radio to provide broadband internet access in rural areas. While considering this, security of cognitive radio network is the major concern. For the coordination of network function, common control channel facilitates exchange of control messages. Because...
Spectrum inefficiency is the major problem in the wireless technology. To negotiate this problem the technology called cognitive radio is introduced which is based on software defined radio (SDR). It additionally senses the environment with the help of secondary user to utilize the licensed band when primary user is not accessing the spectrum. Security and privacy are immeasurable challenges in all...
In this paper, the methodology for performance assessment of five different detection techniques from spectrum sensing perspective in cognitive radio networks is proposed and implemented using the realistic implementation oriented model (R-model). The signal detection in CR networks under a non-parametric multisensory detection scenario is considered for performance comparison under the presence of...
This paper describes implementation of ECG Sensor. The system is capable of acquiring and storing patient's ECG data in real-time. This received patient data can be further processed for any real time processing applications. System hardware comprises of micro-controller based ECG acquisition system. Software developed in Visual Basic 6 helps in displaying real time ECG signal. It also stores ECG...
Effective utilization of the unused wireless spectrum is still a challenge from spectrum management perspective. A dynamic spectrum access network enables fast deployment of new wireless technologies by effectively utilizing the available spectrum. Cognitive radio network (CRN) has been proposed to use wireless networks to communicate via dynamic channels via dynamic spectrum access techniques. Routing...
Detection of primary user and minimizing interference with the licensed user is the major challenge from spectrum management perspective. Spectrum sensing is the most important issue of a Cognitive Radio. Cognitive Radio have been advanced as a technology for the opportunistic use of underutilized spectrum where secondary user devices sense the presence of primary users and use the spectrum if it...
An efficient, CuI catalyzed, ligand free, synthetic protocol for thioethers has been developed by using nitroarenes. A variety of thiols and nitroarenes was scanned by using this method to produce aryl sulfides. Newly developed method demonstrates a new alternative to existing method which is cost effective approach to synthesize nonsymmetrical aryl thioethers.
Cognitive radio (CR) is an upcoming technology in wireless communications. The basic idea behind cognitive radio is the utilization of unused frequency bands of primary or licensed users (PU) by secondary or unlicensed users (SU). Presently., we are facing the problem of spectrum scarcity. The unused licensed spectrum is called white space or spectrum hole. CR utilizes these spectrum holes for unlicensed...
In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), there are one or more sinks or base stations and many sensor nodes distributed over wide area. Sensor nodes have restricted power. When a particular event is occurred, these sensor nodes can transmit large volume of data towards the sink. It can result in buffer overflow at the nodes. It causes packet drops and also network throughput decreases. In WSNs, congestion...
Developments in sensors, miniaturization of low-power microelectronics, and wireless networks are becoming a significant opportunity for improving the quality of health care services. Since the population is growing, the need for high quality and efficient healthcare, both at home and in hospital, is becoming more important. This paper presents the innovative wireless sensor network based Mobile Real-time...
Resolving cases of ambiguity due to differences in the syntactic form of grammatical rules in source and target languages is a major challenge in the development of a Machine Aided Translation (MAT) system. The primary focus in this paper is laid on translation of text from English to Hindi, one among the most popular Indian languages. Producing an unambiguous parse tree is an extremely difficult...
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