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Pt/Co/heavy metal (HM) tri-layered structures with interfacial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) are currently under intensive research for several emerging spintronic effects, such as spin-orbit torque (SOT) [1, 2], domain wall motion [3, 4] and room temperature skyrmions [5, 6].
Hybrid methods of fuzzy clustering and particle swarm optimization (PSO) are important techniques for image segmentation. The spatial credibilistic clustering (SCC) shows better performance than traditional fuzzy clustering, because of the “typicality” represented by credibility memberships degree is much more accurate than the “sharing” represented by probability membership degree to characterize...
In service marketing domain, internal marketing is critical for enhancing superior service quality. This study adopts internal marketing perspective to examine the effect of internal marketing mechanism on enhancing proactive customer service performance. Data from 233 valid data in Taiwan's tourism hotel frontline employee was adopted to examine research hypotheses. Results revealed that, authentic...
Profound changes are taking place in distribution network. Increasing large-scale access of distributed generations (DGs) to distribution network provides more possibilities for interrelation and interaction among power supply, network and load. Meanwhile, DGs also bring potential hazards to both operation and management of distribution network. In this paper, from the perspectives of network operation...
We experimentally investigate the dynamics of a three-section monolithically integrated semiconductor laser (MISL). The MISL is designed and fabricated by ourselves, which is composed of a distributed feedback (DFB) laser section, a phase (P) section and an amplifier (A) section with lengths of 220 µm, 240 µm, and 320 µm, respectively. Two types of intermittent chaos states named as TC1 and TC2 have...
Much has appeared in the literature on the sources of flicker noise, or 1/f noise, in MOSFETs.1,2,3 This is often [he dominant noise when MOSFETs are used to design sensitive amplifiers. However, there is very little agreement on the physical mechanisms responsible for this noise, and there are no widely accepted quantitative models for it. Of the theories, most widely held is the carrier density...
This paper investigates sub-synchronous resonance (SSR) phenomena inside a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind farm, considering the impact of the spatial distribution of wind speed. Firstly, the impedance model of a one-DFIG aggregated model based wind farm is presented to analyze the induction generator effect. Then, a two-DFIGs aggregated impedance model, considering DFIGs in both...
This letter proposes a two-layer active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) method with the compensation of estimated equivalent input disturbances (EID) for load frequency control (LFC) of multi-area interconnected power system. This method has a capability of rejecting the effects of random load variations and parameter uncertainties, and guaranteeing high dynamic performance. The state-space model...
12″ manufacturable 90nm CMOS fully compatible 1Mb HfO2-ReRAM by 2 extra masks between Metals with BEoL thermal stress immunity is for the first time achieved in this work. Cycle random soft error, for the first time systematically observed in this work, due to improper phase-transition of TiOδ on filament are successfully suppressed by stoichiometric engineering on HfO2 / reservoir interface to achieve...
In this paper, a novel three-phase five-level inverter is proposed. The proposed topology constructed of 12 power switches and 12 diodes to achieve a three-phase five-level AC Y-connected output. The output line-to-line voltage is five levels and total harmonic distortion is lower. Compared to the traditional three-phase inverters, the proposed three-phase five-level inverter can achieve the five...
Aiming at the flexible hinge is often affected by external random variable loading operating noise fluctuation and complex factors, the fatigue degradation or failure is lack of analysis methods and that causes weak link of fatigue life analysis is difficult to find in the engineering practice. This paper introduces fatigue analysis method combines the fatigue of rain flow counting method and Pam...
The metallic photonic crystals (MPC) in gallium nitride (GaN) light-emitting diodes (LED) can exhibit photonic crystal band gaps and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) phenomena. The simulation results are presented by using finite-different time-domain (FDTD) method. We designed the two-dimensional (2D) triangular arrays of metallic photonic crystals that are located on the p-GaN surface, ITO surface,...
Scattering is an important phenomenon and distorts the THz absorption spectrum during analysis of materials. It is essential to understand how scattering from samples changes the THz signals. We presented an approach for estimating the relationship between scattering and granular sizes occurring in THz spectra. The samples were made of same solid material but in different granular sizes ranging from...
Nonlinear cavity optomechanics is a promising platform for realizing experiments which reveal the quantum properties of nanomechanical structures. Here we introduce an optomechanical system combining strong nonlinear optomechanical coupling, low mass and large optical mode spacing. This nanoscale “paddle nanocavity” supports mechanical resonances with hundreds of fg mass which couple nonlinearly to...
This paper proposes a way of generating polariton solitons (PSs) in semiconductor microcavity using Stark effect as the trigger mechanism. A Stark pulse performing as the writing beam is used to excite non-resonant fluctuations of polariton, which finally evolves into bright PSs. It is found that polarization of the generated PS is independent on the writing beam, and a branch of PS solutions versus...
Traditional microwave absorbers are typically made of ferrite powders and/or ferromagnetic metal powders and rely on ferromagnetic relaxation in the powders [1]. These absorbers can show strong absorption over a relatively wide frequency range if the thickness is sufficiently large, and for a given absorption level the frequency bandwidth usually decreases with a reduction in the thickness. One can...
In recent years there has been a very strong interest in the magnetic proximity effect (MPE) in Pt/ Y3Fe5O12 (YIG) heterostructures. In particular, whether the MPE exists in the Pt/YIG system or not directly affects the interpretations of a number of recent, important experimental observations in the Pt/YIG system. It is well accepted that X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) represents an effective...
Magnetoelectric effect, i.e. the magnetic field induced ferroelectricity or the electric field induced magnetization, has attracted considerable attention due to the interesting physics involved and the potential practical applications[1, 2]. Ferroelectricity induced by complex magnetic orders, such as spiral orders, will exhibit giant magnetoelectric effect[3]. It is, thus, expected that Y-type hexafer-rites...
One way to excite a dark envelope soliton is to use a dark input pulse — a narrow dip in the amplitude of a continuous wave background. This approach has been used previously to excite dark solitons for surface spin waves in yttrium iron garnet (YIG) thin film strips1 and for lasers in photorefractive crystals.2 Theoretically, however, an initial dark signal should not evolve into a single dark soliton,...
The probability distribution of wind speed and availability of wind farms are investigated considering the vertical wind shear. Wind speed at extended height (60 m) was generated from that of reference height (10 m) through the Power-law Process. The least square (LS) method, maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) method and modified method are used to estimate the parameters of Weibull distribution...
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