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In this paper, we propose a new miniaturized Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) for Dual Wide Band operation for Long Term Evolution (LTE) Europe bands. By a patch design, the AMC is proposed in mono band. Next, a square slot is added to achieve a Dual Wide Band AMC (DWBAMC) operation. At the beginning, this design proved to be of a large unit cell. This problem is later solved by reducing the unit...
This paper presents a near-field scanning system with the design and calibration of two three dimensional (3D) magnetic field probes. They consist of three orthogonal loops, combined together, the first probe (P1) contains three conventional loops joined in a plastic cube, and the second one (P2) is a PCB probe printed on an FR4 substrate of 3.2 mm thickness. Probe P1 has a total dimension of 10x12x13...
Lebanon witnessed one of its biggest dangerous environmental crisis due to the oil spill caused by Israel bombard of fuel storage tanks in war 2006. Official reports stated that around 15000 tons of heavy fuel oil spilled in sea water. The spill threatened the maritime and human life and caused severe environmental disasters. On an international scale, the European Space Agency (ESA) stated that more...
This paper presents a step-by-step procedure to extract the effective permittivity of dry and wet snow in an electromagnetic simulator. The S-parameters are extracted using HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator), which is a Finite Element Method (FEM) full wave simulator. The permittivity curve is calculated using the S21 retrieval method. The calculated permittivity is compared with theoretical...
This paper is dedicated to study and compare the behaviors of conventional split ring and S-shaped resonators for designing Artificial Magnetic Conductor. S-Shape resonator is proven more technical and proficient considering its geometrical characteristics. The design can be used for communication application in Long Term Evolution bands. Results are obtained by ANSYS HFSS (High Frequency Structure...
In this paper the design of a new 3D magnetic field (H-field) probe with a near-field scanning system is presented. The proposed system was developed in order to determine the magnetic near-field emitted by electronic devices. The designed isotropic H-field probe consists of three orthogonal and identical loops each of diameter of 6 mm having 3 turns. The antenna factor of the designed probe is presented...
A branch-line coupler (BLC) working at three arbitrary frequencies using double-Lorentz (DL) transmission line (TL) Metamaterial is presented. A DL has sufficient degrees of freedom to realize tri-band microwave devices. We demonstrate that the three operating frequencies can be obtained by tuning the phase slope of the line section. Then, the design equations are extracted and validated for the first...
An arbitrary tri-band transmission line (TL) using double-Lorentz (DL) metamaterial medium is presented. A DL TL has sufficient degrees of freedom to realize tri-band microwave devices. We demonstrate that the three operating frequencies can be obtained by tuning the phase slope of the line section. Then, the design equations are extracted for the first time and validated by Surface Mount Technology...
This paper is dedicated to the design of circularly polarized dual off-center aperture-coupled Microstrip antenna for GPS application. First, the dimensions of the apertures and the square patch antenna are optimized. The global performance is then investigated after integrating a hybrid directional coupler. The return loss is better than 10 dB for a wide-band of 0.28 GHz whereas the realized gain...
This paper is dedicated to the study of volumetric MSRR-based AMC structure. The characteristics of a single MSRR unit cell are investigated; and a volumetric miniaturized AMC block is then designed. In order to validate the approach used to simulate an infinite periodic structure, a block of nine aligned layers is then simulated. The next step is to add a printed dipole antenna as an application...
This paper is dedicated to the study of volumetric MSRR-based AMC structure. The characteristics of a single MSRR unit cell are investigated; and a volumetric miniaturized AMC block is then designed. In order to validate the approach used to simulate an infinite periodic structure, a block of nine aligned layers is then simulated. The next step is to add a printed dipole antenna as an application...
The work presented in this paper treats the performance of a system contributing two monopole antennas separated by means of a metamaterial-based surface at 2.4 GHz for Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) applications. After introducing an electromagnetic study covering the performance of a unit cell MSRR, simulations are performed on a cell of two MSRRs in order to assure isolation in both directions...
This paper is dedicated to the study of rectangular dipole antennas that are loaded by metamaterials inclusions to create multi-band behavior devoted for telecommunication applications. After introducing a theoretical point of view about RLC trap-loaded antennas, simulations are performed to validate the approach of dual bands centered at 1.5 and 2.4 GHz. The next step is to add metamaterial inclusions...
Artificial Magnetic Conductors (AMCs), a real version of Perfect Magnetic Conductors (PMCs), are widely used to replace surfaces of high impedance. Based on unit cells of Multiple Split-Ring Resonators (MSRRs) that are printed on low-cost dielectric grounded substrate, AMCs are employed as a ground plane for antennas. In this paper, the performance of a low profile dipole antenna positioned above...
In this paper, the design, simulation and measurement of UWB antenna is presented. Fundamental considerations in UWB antenna design were outlined, with emphasis on the extra constraints placed on antenna design by ultra wideband operation. Several parameters were taken into account in analyzing strengths and weaknesses in the potential antenna designs including impedance bandwidth, radiation pattern,...
The tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) has an important place in the aquaculture of the developing world. It is also a very useful laboratory animal, and readily lends itself to the transgenic technology. Through the use of reporter genes, a range of potential gene promoters have been tested in tilapia, both through transient and stable expression of the reporter construct. Using the transgenic...
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