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This paper presents a method to simultaneously improve the quality of the identifiers, secret keys, and random numbers that can be generated from the start-up values of standard static random access memories (SRAMs). The method is based on classifying memory cells after evaluating their start-up values at multiple measurements in a registration phase. The registration can be done without unplugging...
This paper presents a novel VLSI module that implements a lightweight symmetric authentication protocol based on Keyed-Hash Message Authentication Code (HMAC). The cryptographic key and the random numbers needed by the protocol are generated efficiently by a SRAM acting as a Physical Unclonable Function (PUF).
A demonstrator has been developed that shows how off-the-shelf SRAMs can be identified by their start-up values and how true random numbers can be extracted from them. It contains an FPGA that communicates with off-the-shelf SRAMs and with a USB 2.0 microcontroller which in turn communicates with a computer to show the results to users.
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