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This paper presents an analytical model for the estimation of charge concentration in liquid or gas analyte or of the charges induced by biomolecules detected by an AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) based sensor. The adsorbed molecules on the gate surface change the electrostatic potential of the surface. The change in electrostatic condition has been combined with the threshold and...
Photosystem reaction centers are special biomolecules found in oxygenic plants that absorb photons with high quantum efficiency, resulting in a separation of charges and the development of electrostatic potential across the reaction centers. This paper reports the performance of AlGaN/GaN ChemFETs configured as a floating gate transistor to characterize Photosystem I (PSI) reaction centers and presents...
This paper presents a precision control circuit for the emission of desired number of electrons from vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (VACNFs) for the realization of a massively parallel maskless e-beam lithography system.The digitally addressable field emission arrays (DAFEAs) of the VACNFs function as the lithography heads for massively parallel e-beam exposure of resist eliminating the cost...
A temperature dependent analytical model has been presented for AlGaN/GaN power high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) to predict the DC performance at elevated temperatures. In this model the effects of temperature on band gap energy, sheet carrier density, threshold voltage, carrier mobility, and saturation velocity are taken into consideration. Channel length modulation in the saturation region...
This paper has presented a low-power capacitance read-out circuit which could be used for biomedical sensor applications. The differential structure of the system eliminates even order distortion. The entire system manifests two current sense amplifiers, two diode rectifiers and one instrumentation amplifier. The circuit has been realized using TSMC 0.35 mum bulk CMOS process. The circuit operates...
This paper presents for the first time a practical substitute to the laboratory (KFM) techniques for electrical characterization of PS I reaction centers which is necessary precondition to eventual commercial realization of molecular photovoltaic devices. The experimental study and an analytical model have been presented to investigate the charge effects of PS I reaction centers on the characteristics...
Field emission (FE) of electrons from nanostructured graphitic carbon-based materials has been an area of intense investigation in recent years. Each field emitting device has control gates and an electron emitting cathode, which emits electron when a sufficient voltage is applied at the gate electrode. Recently, a technique for fabricating gated cathode structures that uses a single in situ grown...
The field emission from carbon thin films, nanotubes and nanofibers has received a great deal of attention because of its potential application in flat panel displays and other nanoelectronic devices. Recently, a concept for maskless digital electrostatically focused e-beam array direct- write lithography (DEAL) using a vertically aligned carbon nanofiber (VACNF) array has been developed. This concept...
In this work the effects of the aspect ratio (gate width/ channel length, W/L) in DC and small signal parameters of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs are studied. An analytical model has been developed for theoretical calculation of the device DC performance at different aspect ratios. Experimental results of the fabricated AlGaN/GaN HEMT devices are used to validate the analytical model. Numerical simulations are...
This paper presents for the first time a micro-sensor for detecting Photosystem I (PS I) reaction centers. In oxygenic plants, photons are captured with high quantum efficiency by two specialized reaction centers, Photosystems I and II (PS I and PS II). Photon capture triggers rapid charge separation and the conversion of light energy into an electric voltage across the nanometer-scale (~6 nm) reaction...
The digital electrostatically focused e-beam array direct-write lithography (DEAL) concept incorporates a digitally addressable field-emission array (DAFEA) and an integrated dose control circuit to function as the write head for an e-beam lithography tool. Typically, DEAL devices have been fabricated using vertically aligned carbon nanofibers as the field emitter. To further improve device performance...
This paper discusses the complete integration of the prototype digital electrostatic focused e-beam array direct-write lithography (DEAL) device with the dose control circuitry (DCC). The DCC regulates charge emission from the vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (VACNFs) and prevents resists from being over exposed during the e-beam lithography process. The emission of electrons from the VACNF tip...
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