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Acai berries (Euterpe oleraceae Mart.), are often marketed as promoting anti-ageing and weight loss. Acai, like other berries, are a rich source of anthocyanins and other phenolics, which are able to modulate parameters related to cognitive decline. Specifically, acai is able to reduce glucose and insulin levels as well as cholesterol, but its effects on human brain function are unknown. In this randomised,...
Berry fruit polyphenols exert a number of physiological benefits in animal models suggesting a role in the prevention of a number of chronic human diseases and the augmentation of blood flow, brain function and cognition. Our previous study showed acute supplementation with a berry extract has beneficial effects upon attention, mood and CNS related biomarkers. This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled,...
The current observational study investigated differences in cognition, mood and appetite on days of exercise compared to rest in an active female population. It also assessed the effect of breakfast size prior to exercise on these parameters. Forty five, healthy, active females participated in the study (mean±SD age and Body Mass Index (BMI) were 21.4±3.3y and 21.8±2.8kg/m[2] respectively) each completing...
The current study assessed the interactive effect of breakfast and exercise on cognition and mood. Twelve active males completed four trials; no breakfast-rest, breakfast-rest, no breakfast-exercise or breakfast-exercise in a randomized, cross-over design. The trials consisted of; breakfast or fast, a 2h rest, exercise (treadmill run) or equivalent rest, a chocolate milk drink, a 90min rest and an...
The ingestion of a glucose containing drink has been shown to reliably facilitate declarative memory. However, it remains unclear as to which memory process or processes are being targeted by this glucose facilitation and the specific interplay between glucoregulation, glucose administration and memory. A placebo-controlled, double blind, randomised, crossover design was employed to investigate the...
Berry fruit polyphenols have been shown to exert a number of physiological benefits in animal models suggesting a role in the prevention of a number of chronic human diseases and the augmentation of human brain function and cognition. This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study investigated the effect of two berry extracts on cognitive performance and mood in 35 healthy young...
The effects of consuming or omitting breakfast and exercise or rest on cognitive function, mood and appetite were assessed in twelve healthy male participants who completed four trials; no breakfast and rest, breakfast and rest, no breakfast and exercise or breakfast and exercise in a randomized cross-over design. The study design consisted; breakfast (or continued fast), a 2 h rest, an exercise (treadmill...
Nitrate, abundant in beetroot, has been shown to reduce blood pressure and the oxygen cost of sub-maximal exercise; improve endothelial function and modulate regional perfusion in the brain. In this randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study, 16 physically active healthy young adult males received either 450 ml of beetroot juice (∼5.5 mmol nitrate) or a fruit flavoured placebo drink...
The notion that chewing gum may relieve stress was investigated in a controlled laboratory experiment. The defined intensity stress simulator (DISS) is a multi-tasking platform which reliably induces stress and also includes performance measures. Using a partial crossover design 40 participants (mean age 22 years) underwent two intensities of the DISS while chewing and not chewing. Before and after...
Guaraná (Paullinia cupana) extracts are most commonly used in Western markets as putatively psychoactive food and drink additives. This double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, parallel groups study assessed the acute effects of either a vitamin/mineral/guaraná supplement or placebo drink in 129 healthy young adults (18–24 years). Participants completed a 10min version of the Cognitive Demand...
Extracts from the plant guarana (Paullinia cupana) feature as putatively stimulating ingredients in a number of foods, drinks and dietary/herbal supplements. To date, little research in humans has examined the potential psychoactive effects of these extracts. Extracts of Panax ginseng, which are often sold in combination with guarana, contain similar potentially active components, and have been shown...
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