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Reporter-gene-based microbial biosensors have high potential for detecting small molecules, including heavy metal ions (HMIs). However, the sensitivity and dynamic range of microbial biosensors are largely limited by the conventional culture environments that rely on the batch-type addition of the small molecules in nutrients and the subsequent genetic induction. In this work, we report a chemostat-like...
We report on a microfluidic trap array that separates and captures circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from whole blood. The device is a series array of microfluidic branches that utilizes the difference in flow rates between the bypass channel and the trap channel to allow CTCs in whole blood to be separated and trapped. Once a trap has captured a cell with diameter larger than the narrow trap outlet,...
Combination chemotherapies play an important role in clinical cancer treatment. We have previously developed a microfluidic high-throughput drug screening platform and used it for the screening of prostate cancer sensitizing agents. We have further developed the system into a fully automated live cell array platform with uniform cell seeding for better control, and used the platform to investigate...
A novel microfluidic device is described that can detect the chemotactic response of motile bacterial cells (Escherichia coli) that swim toward a preferred nutrient with high resolution by sorting and concentrating them. The device consists of the typical Y-shaped microchannels that have been widely used in chemotaxis studies to attract cells toward a high concentration and a concentrator array integrated...
We have developed a novel method to synthesize and integrate one dimensional nanostructures within microfluidic chip via hydrothermal reaction with the microchannel as a physical constraint. Precursor solution of metal oxide (ZnO) nanowire is flown through the microfluidic channel while the thermal energy is supplied either throughout the entire chip by heating plate or near selected regions by microscale...
This paper investigates the effect of acoustic stimulation on natural convection heat transfer in micro-scale fin structures. Enhancement of heat transfer from electronic components enclosed within compact geometries is a key goal in thermal management. Among the techniques to enhance heat transfer, extended surface is a simple approach to achieve the goal. However, micro scale fin heat sinks have...
We present a novel microvalve for the treatment of a pathological condition, hydrocephalus. This microvalve is made of PDMS/Parylene composite layer which has a 3-D dome petal shape. This geometry enables the microvalve to open easily for forward flows and to close for backward flows. New microfabrication techniques such as dome-shaped SU-8 mold fabrication and laser machining for valve opening have...
Progress toward a prototype MEMS gas chromatograph (muGC) designed for analyzing complex mixtures of volatile organic compounds (VOC) in breath is described. This muGC, named SPIRON, integrates a multi-stage preconcentrator/injector, a dual-microcolumn separation module, and a chemiresistor array detector with commercial minivalves and a minipump. Here, we describe results showing thermal control...
We report a fully addressable micro-array chip integrated with cascade multiplexors for selective cell loading and retrieval in a stacked PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) layers for microfluidic control. This chip provides the addressable manipulation of large number of cells at single cell resolution. A cascade multiplexer is developed to reduce the number of pneumatic control inputs integrated on chip...
This paper describes a proof-of-concept all-electrical individually-addressable micro piston actuator array that produces high displacement and force by utilizing hydraulic amplification and electrostatic control. This new class of actuator arrays can remove a critical hurdle, pneumatic control ports to lab-on-chips, and achieve fully-integrated, large-scale, and all-electrical microfluidic systems...
This paper reports a highly flexible superhydrophobic and superhydrorepellent microlens array substrate with very low flow resistance. Even though the microlens array has no nanostructures, it shows hydrophobic property due solely to its geometrical effect. A contact angle of 165deg and hysteresis of 3deg are achieved on a flexible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microlens array substrate with a Teflon...
We present simple soft lithographic methods for patterning supported lipid bilayer (SLB) membranes onto a surface and inside microfluidic channels. Micropatterns of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based polymers were fabricated on glass substrates by microcontact printing or capillary molding. The patterned PEG surfaces have shown 97plusmn0.5% reduction in lipid adsorption onto two dimensional surfaces...
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