Search results for: Charlotte Grossiord

Items from 1 to 20 out of 46 results

article

Tree drought–mortality risk depends more on intrinsic species resistance than on stand species diversity

Renaud Decarsin, Joannès Guillemot, Guerric Maire, Haben Blondeel, more

Global Change Biology > 30 > 9 > n/a - n/a

Increasing tree diversity is considered a key management option to adapt forests to climate change. However, the effect of species diversity on a forest's ability to cope with extreme drought remains elusive. In this study, we assessed drought tolerance (xylem vulnerability to cavitation) and water stress (water potential), and combined them into a metric of drought–mortality risk (hydraulic safety...

article

Drought effects in Mediterranean forests are not alleviated by diversity‐driven water source partitioning

Eugénie Mas, Alberto Vilagrosa, Luna Morcillo, Matthias Saurer, more

Journal of Ecology > 112 > 9 > 2107 - 2122

Tree species diversity in forest ecosystems could reduce their vulnerability to extreme droughts through improved microclimate and below‐ground water source partitioning driven by contrasting species‐specific water use patterns. However, little is known about the seasonal dynamics of belowground water uptake that determine whether diversity positively or negatively impacts tree carbon assimilation...

article

The impacts of rising vapour pressure deficit in natural and managed ecosystems

Kimberly A. Novick, Darren L. Ficklin, Charlotte Grossiord, Alexandra G. Konings, more

Plant, Cell & Environment > 47 > 9 > 3561 - 3589

An exponential rise in the atmospheric vapour pressure deficit (VPD) is among the most consequential impacts of climate change in terrestrial ecosystems. Rising VPD has negative and cascading effects on nearly all aspects of plant function including photosynthesis, water status, growth and survival. These responses are exacerbated by land–atmosphere interactions that couple VPD to soil water and govern...

article

High heat tolerance, evaporative cooling, and stomatal decoupling regulate canopy temperature and their safety margins in three European oak species

Alice Gauthey, Ansgar Kahmen, Jean‐Marc Limousin, Alberto Vilagrosa, more

Global Change Biology > 30 > 8 > n/a - n/a

Heatwaves and soil droughts are increasing in frequency and intensity, leading many tree species to exceed their thermal thresholds, and driving wide‐scale forest mortality. Therefore, investigating heat tolerance and canopy temperature regulation mechanisms is essential to understanding and predicting tree vulnerability to hot droughts. We measured the diurnal and seasonal variation in leaf water...

article

Tree water uptake patterns across the globe

Christoph Bachofen, Shersingh Joseph Tumber‐Dávila, D. Scott Mackay, Nate G. McDowell, more

New Phytologist > 242 > 5 > 1891 - 1910

Plant water uptake from the soil is a crucial element of the global hydrological cycle and essential for vegetation drought resilience. Yet, knowledge of how the distribution of water uptake depth (WUD) varies across species, climates, and seasons is scarce relative to our knowledge of aboveground plant functions. With a global literature review, we found that average WUD varied more among biomes...

article

Tree diversity reduces variability in sapling survival under drought

Haben Blondeel, Joannès Guillemot, Nicolas Martin‐StPaul, Arsène Druel, more

Journal of Ecology > 112 > 5 > 1164 - 1180

Enhancing tree diversity may be important to fostering resilience to drought‐related climate extremes. So far, little attention has been given to whether tree diversity can increase the survival of trees and reduce its variability in young forest plantations. We conducted an analysis of seedling and sapling survival from 34 globally distributed tree diversity experiments (363,167 trees, 168 species,...

article

Interactions between beech and oak seedlings can modify the effects of hotter droughts and the onset of hydraulic failure

Eugénie Mas, Hervé Cochard, Janisse Deluigi, Margaux Didion‐Gency, more

New Phytologist > 241 > 3 > 1021 - 1034

Mixing species with contrasting resource use strategies could reduce forest vulnerability to extreme events. Yet, how species diversity affects seedling hydraulic responses to heat and drought, including mortality risk, is largely unknown. Using open‐top chambers, we assessed how, over several years, species interactions (monocultures vs mixtures) modulate heat and drought impacts on the hydraulic...

article

Absence of canopy temperature variation despite stomatal adjustment in Pinus sylvestris under multidecadal soil moisture manipulation

Alice Gauthey, Christoph Bachofen, Janisse Deluigi, Margaux Didion‐Gency, more

New Phytologist > 240 > 1 > 127 - 137

Global warming and droughts push forests closer to their thermal limits, altering tree carbon uptake and growth. To prevent critical overheating, trees can adjust their thermotolerance (T_crit), temperature and photosynthetic optima (T_opt and A_opt), and canopy temperature (T_can) to stay below damaging thresholds. However, we lack an understanding of how soil droughts affect photosynthetic thermal...

article

Daytime stomatal regulation in mature temperate trees prioritizes stem rehydration at night

Richard L. Peters, Kathy Steppe, Christoforos Pappas, Roman Zweifel, more

New Phytologist > 239 > 2 > 533 - 546

Trees remain sufficiently hydrated during drought by closing stomata and reducing canopy conductance (G_c) in response to variations in atmospheric water demand and soil water availability. Thresholds that control the reduction of G_c are proposed to optimize hydraulic safety against carbon assimilation efficiency. However, the link between G_c and the ability of stem tissues to rehydrate at night remains...

article

Stand structure of Central European forests matters more than climate for transpiration sensitivity to VPD

Christoph Bachofen, Rafael Poyatos, Víctor Flo, Jordi Martínez‐Vilalta, more

Journal of Applied Ecology > 60 > 5 > 886 - 897

Temperature rise and more severe and frequent droughts will alter forest transpiration, thereby affecting the global water cycle. Yet, tree responses to increased atmospheric vapour pressure deficit (VPD) and reduced soil water content (SWC) are not fully understood due to long‐term tree adjustments to local environmental conditions that modify transpiration responses to short‐term VPD and SWC...

article

Increasing temperature and vapour pressure deficit lead to hydraulic damages in the absence of soil drought

Leonie C. Schönbeck, Philipp Schuler, Marco M. Lehmann, Eugénie Mas, more

Plant, Cell & Environment > 45 > 11 > 3275 - 3289

Temperature (T) and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) are important drivers of plant hydraulic conductivity, growth, mortality, and ecosystem productivity, independently of soil water availability. Our goal was to disentangle the effects of T and VPD on plant hydraulic responses. Young trees of Fagus sylvatica L., Quercus pubescens Willd. and Quercus ilex L. were exposed to a cross‐combination of a T...

article

Impact of warmer and drier conditions on tree photosynthetic properties and the role of species interactions

Margaux Didion‐Gency, Arthur Gessler, Nina Buchmann, Jonas Gisler, more

New Phytologist > 236 > 2 > 547 - 560

Increased temperature and prolonged soil moisture reduction have distinct impacts on tree photosynthetic properties. Yet, our knowledge of their combined effect is limited. Moreover, how species interactions alter photosynthetic responses to warming and drought remains unclear. Using mesocosms, we studied how photosynthetic properties of European beech and downy oak were impacted by multi‐year...

article

Warming may extend tree growing seasons and compensate for reduced carbon uptake during dry periods

Charlotte Grossiord, Christoph Bachofen, Jonas Gisler, Eugénie Mas, more

Journal of Ecology > 110 > 7 > 1575 - 1589

Warming and drought alter plant phenology, photosynthesis and growth with important consequences for the global carbon cycle and the earth's climate. Yet, few studies have attempted to tease apart their effects on tree phenology, particularly leaf senescence, and on source and sink activity. We experimentally assessed the single and combined effects of warming and reduced soil moisture on the...

article

Foliar respiration is related to photosynthetic, growth and carbohydrate response to experimental drought and elevated temperature

Adam D. Collins, Michael G. Ryan, Henry D. Adams, Lee Turin Dickman, more

Plant, Cell & Environment > 44 > 12 > 3853 - 3865

Short‐term plant respiration (R) increases exponentially with rising temperature, but drought could reduce respiration by reducing growth and metabolism. Acclimation may alter these responses. We examined if species with different drought responses would differ in foliar R response to +4.8°C temperature and −45% precipitation in a field experiment with mature piñon and juniper trees, and if any differences...

article

Both diversity and functional composition affect productivity and water use efficiency in experimental temperate grasslands

Manuel Walde, Eric Allan, Seraina L. Cappelli, Margaux Didion‐Gency, more

Journal of Ecology > 109 > 11 > 3877 - 3891

Many experiments have shown that biodiversity promotes ecosystem functioning and stability and that this relationship varies with resource availability. However, we still have a poor understanding of the underlying physiological and ecological mechanisms driving diversity effects and how they may interact with soil nutrient availability. We collected data in a grassland experiment factorially...

article

Stability of tropical forest tree carbon‐water relations in a rainfall exclusion treatment through shifts in effective water uptake depth

Alexandria L. Pivovaroff, Nate G. McDowell, Tayana Barrozo Rodrigues, Tim Brodribb, more

Global Change Biology > 27 > 24 > 6454 - 6466

Increasing severity and frequency of drought is predicted for large portions of the terrestrial biosphere, with major impacts already documented in wet tropical forests. Using a 4‐year rainfall exclusion experiment in the Daintree Rainforest in northeast Australia, we examined canopy tree responses to reduced precipitation and soil water availability by quantifying seasonal changes in plant hydraulic...

article

Interactive effects of tree species mixture and climate on foliar and woody trait variation in a widely distributed deciduous tree

Margaux Didion‐Gency, Christoph Bachofen, Nina Buchmann, Arthur Gessler, more

Functional Ecology > 35 > 11 > 2397 - 2408

Despite increasing reports of severe drought and heat impacts on forest ecosystems, community‐level processes, which could potentially modulate tree responses to climatic stress, are rarely accounted for. While numerous studies indicate a positive effect of species diversity on a wide range of ecosystem functions and services, little is known about how species interactions influence tree responses...

article

Tree growth in Switzerland is increasingly constrained by rising evaporative demand

Volodymyr Trotsiuk, Flurin Babst, Charlotte Grossiord, Arthur Gessler, more

Journal of Ecology > 109 > 8 > 2981 - 2990

The response of trees to intra‐annual environmental constraints varies temporally throughout a growing season and spatially across landscapes. A better understanding of these dynamics will help us anticipate the impacts of short‐term climate variability and medium‐term climate change on forests. Using the process‐based 3‐PG forest ecosystem model, we assessed the spatial manifestation and seasonal...

article

Hydraulic architecture explains species moisture dependency but not mortality rates across a tropical rainfall gradient

Alexandria L. Pivovaroff, Brett T. Wolfe, Nate McDowell, Bradley Christoffersen, more

Biotropica > 53 > 4 > 1213 - 1225

Intensified droughts are affecting tropical forests across the globe. However, the underlying mechanisms of tree drought response and mortality are poorly understood. Hydraulic traits and especially hydraulic safety margins (HSMs), that is, the extent to which plants buffer themselves from thresholds of water stress, provide insights into species‐specific drought vulnerability. We investigated hydraulic...

article

Mortality predispositions of conifers across western USA

Wenzhi Wang, Nathan B. English, Charlotte Grossiord, Arthur Gessler, more

New Phytologist > 229 > 2 > 831 - 844

Conifer mortality rates are increasing in western North America, but the physiological mechanisms underlying this trend are not well understood. We examined tree‐ring‐based radial growth along with stable carbon (C) and oxygen (O) isotope composition (δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O, respectively) of dying and surviving conifers at eight old‐growth forest sites across a strong moisture gradient in the western USA...

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INFONA - science communication portal

Search results for: Charlotte Grossiord

Tree drought–mortality risk depends more on intrinsic species resistance than on stand species diversity

Drought effects in Mediterranean forests are not alleviated by diversity‐driven water source partitioning

The impacts of rising vapour pressure deficit in natural and managed ecosystems

High heat tolerance, evaporative cooling, and stomatal decoupling regulate canopy temperature and their safety margins in three European oak species

Tree water uptake patterns across the globe

Tree diversity reduces variability in sapling survival under drought

Interactions between beech and oak seedlings can modify the effects of hotter droughts and the onset of hydraulic failure

Absence of canopy temperature variation despite stomatal adjustment in Pinus sylvestris under multidecadal soil moisture manipulation

Daytime stomatal regulation in mature temperate trees prioritizes stem rehydration at night

Stand structure of Central European forests matters more than climate for transpiration sensitivity to VPD

Increasing temperature and vapour pressure deficit lead to hydraulic damages in the absence of soil drought

Impact of warmer and drier conditions on tree photosynthetic properties and the role of species interactions

Warming may extend tree growing seasons and compensate for reduced carbon uptake during dry periods

Foliar respiration is related to photosynthetic, growth and carbohydrate response to experimental drought and elevated temperature

Both diversity and functional composition affect productivity and water use efficiency in experimental temperate grasslands

Stability of tropical forest tree carbon‐water relations in a rainfall exclusion treatment through shifts in effective water uptake depth

Interactive effects of tree species mixture and climate on foliar and woody trait variation in a widely distributed deciduous tree

Tree growth in Switzerland is increasingly constrained by rising evaporative demand

Hydraulic architecture explains species moisture dependency but not mortality rates across a tropical rainfall gradient

Mortality predispositions of conifers across western USA

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