Search results for: Arthur Gessler

Items from 1 to 20 out of 134 results

article

Legacy effects of premature defoliation in response to an extreme drought event modulate phytochemical profiles with subtle consequences for leaf herbivory in European beech

Michael Eisenring, Arthur Gessler, Esther R. Frei, Gaétan Glauser, more

Extreme droughts can have long‐lasting effects on forest community dynamics and species interactions. Yet, our understanding of how drought legacy modulates ecological relationships is just unfolding. We tested the hypothesis that leaf chemistry and herbivory show long‐term responses to premature defoliation caused by an extreme drought event in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). For two consecutive...

article

Drought resistance and resilience of rhizosphere communities in forest soils from the cellular to ecosystem scale – insights from ¹³C pulse labeling

Decai Gao, Jörg Luster, Alois Zürcher, Matthias Arend, more

New Phytologist > 242 > 3 > 960 - 974

The link between above‐ and belowground communities is a key uncertainty in drought and rewetting effects on forest carbon (C) cycle. In young beech model ecosystems and mature naturally dry pine forest exposed to 15‐yr‐long irrigation, we performed ¹³C pulse labeling experiments, one during drought and one 2 wk after rewetting, tracing tree assimilates into rhizosphere communities. The ¹³C pulses...

article

Beyond source and sink control – toward an integrated approach to understand the carbon balance in plants

Arthur Gessler, Roman Zweifel

New Phytologist > 242 > 3 > 858 - 869

A conceptual understanding on how the vegetation's carbon (C) balance is determined by source activity and sink demand is important to predict its C uptake and sequestration potential now and in the future. We have gathered trajectories of photosynthesis and growth as a function of environmental conditions described in the literature and compared them with current concepts of source and sink control...

article

Finding the balance between open access to forest data while safeguarding the integrity of National Forest Inventory‐derived information

Arthur Gessler, Marcus Schaub, Arun Bose, Volodymyr Trotsiuk, more

New Phytologist > 242 > 2 > 344 - 346

article

Tree‐ and stand‐scale variability of xylem water stable isotope signatures in mature beech, oak and spruce

Fabian Bernhard, Marius G. Floriancic, Kerstin Treydte, Arthur Gessler, more

Ecohydrology > 17 > 2 > n/a - n/a

In ecohydrology, water isotopologues are used to assess potential sources of root water uptake by comparing xylem water signatures with source water signatures. Such comparisons are affected by the variability and uncertainty of the isotope signatures of plant water and water sources. The tree‐scale and stand‐scale variabilities of the isotope signatures in stem xylem water are often unknown but are...

article

Finding balance: Tree‐ring isotopes differentiate between acclimation and stress‐induced imbalance in a long‐term irrigation experiment

Valentina Vitali, Philipp Schuler, Meisha Holloway‐Phillips, Petra D'Odorico, more

Global Change Biology > 30 > 3 > n/a - n/a

Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is a common European tree species, and understanding its acclimation to the rapidly changing climate through physiological, biochemical or structural adjustments is vital for predicting future growth. We investigated a long‐term irrigation experiment at a naturally dry forest in Switzerland, comparing Scots pine trees that have been continuously irrigated for 17 years...

article

Uncoupling of stomatal conductance and photosynthesis at high temperatures: mechanistic insights from online stable isotope techniques

Haoyu Diao, Lucas A. Cernusak, Matthias Saurer, Arthur Gessler, more

New Phytologist > 241 > 6 > 2366 - 2378

The strong covariation of temperature and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) in nature limits our understanding of the direct effects of temperature on leaf gas exchange. Stable isotopes in CO₂ and H₂O vapour provide mechanistic insight into physiological and biochemical processes during leaf gas exchange. We conducted combined leaf gas exchange and online isotope discrimination measurements on four...

article

Unenriched xylem water contribution during cellulose synthesis influenced by atmospheric demand governs the intra‐annual tree‐ring δ¹⁸O signature

Elisabet Martínez‐Sancho, Lucas A. Cernusak, Patrick Fonti, Alessandro Gregori, more

New Phytologist > 240 > 5 > 1743 - 1757

The oxygen isotope composition (δ¹⁸O) of tree‐ring cellulose is used to evaluate tree physiological responses to climate, but their interpretation is still limited due to the complexity of the isotope fractionation pathways. We assessed the relative contribution of seasonal needle and xylem water δ¹⁸O variations to the intra‐annual tree‐ring cellulose δ¹⁸O signature of larch trees at two sites...

article

Quantifying effects of cold acclimation and delayed springtime photosynthesis resumption in northern ecosystems

Yunpeng Luo, Arthur Gessler, Petra D'Odorico, Koen Hufkens, more

New Phytologist > 240 > 3 > 984 - 1002

Land carbon dynamics in temperate and boreal ecosystems are sensitive to environmental change. Accurately simulating gross primary productivity (GPP) and its seasonality is key for reliable carbon cycle projections. However, significant biases have been found in early spring GPP simulations of northern forests, where observations often suggest a later resumption of photosynthetic activity than...

article

Elevational variations in stem hydraulic efficiency and safety of Abies fabri

Zishu Tang, Biying Zhai, Genxu Wang, Arthur Gessler, more

Functional Ecology > 37 > 10 > 2570 - 2582

The structural and functional traits of coniferous trees can reflect their growth states and adaptive strategies to a harsh environment. However, it is still unclear if and how hydraulic traits of subalpine conifers change with altitude. Therefore, the changes in stem hydraulic characteristics of Abies fabri along an elevational gradient (2700–3700 m a.s.l.) were identified in a subalpine ecosystem...

article

Hydrogen isotope fractionation in carbohydrates of leaves and xylem tissues follows distinct phylogenetic patterns: a common garden experiment with 73 tree and shrub species

Philipp Schuler, Valentina Vitali, Matthias Saurer, Arthur Gessler, more

New Phytologist > 239 > 2 > 547 - 561

Recent methodological advancements in determining the nonexchangeable hydrogen isotopic composition (δ²H_ne) of plant carbohydrates make it possible to disentangle the drivers of hydrogen isotope (²H) fractionation processes in plants. Here, we investigated the influence of phylogeny on the δ²H_ne of twig xylem cellulose and xylem water, as well as leaf sugars and leaf water, across 73 Northern Hemisphere...

article

One hundred important questions facing plant science: an international perspective

Emily May Armstrong, Emily R. Larson, Helen Harper, Cerian R. Webb, more

New Phytologist > 238 > 2 > 470 - 481

The ‘One Hundred Important Questions Facing Plant Science Research’ project aimed to capture a global snapshot of the current issues and future questions facing plant science. This revisiting builds on the original 2011 paper. Over 600 questions were collected from anyone interested in plants, which were reduced to a final list of 100 by four teams of global panellists. There was remarkable consensus...

article

No risk—no fun: Penalty and recovery from spring frost damage in deciduous temperate trees

Frederik Baumgarten, Arthur Gessler, Yann Vitasse

Functional Ecology > 37 > 3 > 648 - 663

Phenological shifts in response to changing climatic conditions is a key acclimation process for the persistence of perennial plants in temperate and boreal climates. The optimal time to leaf‐out is the result of an evolutionary process determined by the trade‐off between minimizing the risk of freezing damages and herbivory pressure while maximizing resource uptake to increase competitiveness...

article

Impact of warmer and drier conditions on tree photosynthetic properties and the role of species interactions

Margaux Didion‐Gency, Arthur Gessler, Nina Buchmann, Jonas Gisler, more

New Phytologist > 236 > 2 > 547 - 560

Increased temperature and prolonged soil moisture reduction have distinct impacts on tree photosynthetic properties. Yet, our knowledge of their combined effect is limited. Moreover, how species interactions alter photosynthetic responses to warming and drought remains unclear. Using mesocosms, we studied how photosynthetic properties of European beech and downy oak were impacted by multi‐year...

article

Corrigendum

A. Glyn Bengough, Elison B. Blancaflor, Ivano Brunner, Louise H. Comas, more

New Phytologist > 235 > 1 > 372 - 372

article

Do ²H and ¹⁸O in leaf water reflect environmental drivers differently?

Lucas A. Cernusak, Adrià Barbeta, Rosemary T. Bush, Rebekka Eichstaedt (Bögelein), more

New Phytologist > 235 > 1 > 41 - 51

We compiled hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope compositions (δ²H and δ¹⁸O) of leaf water from multiple biomes to examine variations with environmental drivers. Leaf water δ²H was more closely correlated with δ²H of xylem water or atmospheric vapour, whereas leaf water δ¹⁸O was more closely correlated with air relative humidity. This resulted from the larger proportional range for δ²H of meteoric waters...

article

Mutually inclusive mechanisms of drought‐induced tree mortality

Peter Hajek, Roman M. Link, Charles A. Nock, Jürgen Bauhus, more

Global Change Biology > 28 > 10 > 3365 - 3378

Unprecedented tree dieback across Central Europe caused by recent global change‐type drought events highlights the need for a better mechanistic understanding of drought‐induced tree mortality. Although numerous physiological risk factors have been identified, the importance of two principal mechanisms, hydraulic failure and carbon starvation, is still debated. It further remains largely unresolved...

article

Number of growth days and not length of the growth period determines radial stem growth of temperate trees

Sophia Etzold, Frank Sterck, Arun K. Bose, Sabine Braun, more

Ecology Letters > 25 > 2 > 427 - 439

Radial stem growth dynamics at seasonal resolution are essential to understand how forests respond to climate change. We studied daily radial growth of 160 individuals of seven temperate tree species at 47 sites across Switzerland over 8 years. Growth of all species peaked in the early part of the growth season and commenced shortly before the summer solstice, but with species‐specific seasonal patterns...

article

A high‐temperature water vapor equilibration method to determine non‐exchangeable hydrogen isotope ratios of sugar, starch and cellulose

Philipp Schuler, Marc‐André Cormier, Roland A. Werner, Nina Buchmann, more

Plant, Cell & Environment > 45 > 1 > 12 - 22

The analysis of the non‐exchangeable hydrogen isotope ratio (δ²H_ne) in carbohydrates is mostly limited to the structural component cellulose, while simple high‐throughput methods for δ²H_ne values of non‐structural carbohydrates (NSC) such as sugar and starch do not yet exist. Here, we tested if the hot vapor equilibration method originally developed for cellulose is applicable for NSC, verified by...

article

Drought effects on volatile organic compound emissions from Scots pine stems

Kaisa Rissanen, Juho Aalto, Arthur Gessler, Teemu Hölttä, more

Plant, Cell & Environment > 45 > 1 > 23 - 40

Tree stems have been identified as sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that play important roles in tree defence and atmospheric chemistry. Yet, we lack understanding on the magnitude and environmental drivers of stem VOC emissions in various forest ecosystems. Due to the increasing importance of extreme drought, we studied drought effects on the VOC emissions from mature Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris...

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Search results for: Arthur Gessler

Legacy effects of premature defoliation in response to an extreme drought event modulate phytochemical profiles with subtle consequences for leaf herbivory in European beech

Drought resistance and resilience of rhizosphere communities in forest soils from the cellular to ecosystem scale – insights from ¹³C pulse labeling

Beyond source and sink control – toward an integrated approach to understand the carbon balance in plants

Finding the balance between open access to forest data while safeguarding the integrity of National Forest Inventory‐derived information

Tree‐ and stand‐scale variability of xylem water stable isotope signatures in mature beech, oak and spruce

Finding balance: Tree‐ring isotopes differentiate between acclimation and stress‐induced imbalance in a long‐term irrigation experiment

Uncoupling of stomatal conductance and photosynthesis at high temperatures: mechanistic insights from online stable isotope techniques

Unenriched xylem water contribution during cellulose synthesis influenced by atmospheric demand governs the intra‐annual tree‐ring δ¹⁸O signature

Quantifying effects of cold acclimation and delayed springtime photosynthesis resumption in northern ecosystems

Elevational variations in stem hydraulic efficiency and safety of Abies fabri

Hydrogen isotope fractionation in carbohydrates of leaves and xylem tissues follows distinct phylogenetic patterns: a common garden experiment with 73 tree and shrub species

One hundred important questions facing plant science: an international perspective

No risk—no fun: Penalty and recovery from spring frost damage in deciduous temperate trees

Impact of warmer and drier conditions on tree photosynthetic properties and the role of species interactions

Corrigendum

Do ²H and ¹⁸O in leaf water reflect environmental drivers differently?

Mutually inclusive mechanisms of drought‐induced tree mortality

Number of growth days and not length of the growth period determines radial stem growth of temperate trees

A high‐temperature water vapor equilibration method to determine non‐exchangeable hydrogen isotope ratios of sugar, starch and cellulose

Drought effects on volatile organic compound emissions from Scots pine stems

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