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The push to make crucial circuits like voltage references to work in ultra-low bias currents magnify previously ignored leakages incurred by further process scaling. These leakage currents, mostly temperature-dependent and already comparable to the bias currents, will add significant error to the output voltage of such voltage references degrading its temperature coefficient (TC). In this paper, the...
With the emergence of energy-starved systems like wireless sensor nodes, it becomes much more of a necessity for important blocks in such systems like the voltage reference (VR) to work at an ultra-low power consumption. Furthermore, the varying requirements of the functional blocks of a wireless sensor node (WSN) entail varying VR requirements, therefore flexibility in the design of VRs is required...
Issues with typical low-cost, low-power sensor nodes in System-on-Chip designs include component integration, energy efficiency and reusability. These are solved by implementing a standard communication protocol like the Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture (AMBA) that allows low-power designs. An AMBA system prototype is designed, implemented, and characterized on an FPGA platform, with ARM9TDM...
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