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We present a simulated case study using investigational, downloadable firmware updates to configure an existing implanted deep brain stimulator. With the upgrade, closed-loop algorithm parameters affecting stimulation state classification and stimulation timing can be embedded within the device to allow for chronic investigation of closed-loop concepts both flexibly and incrementally. The system can...
The first demo provides a detailed overview of the key building blocks required for implementing an investigational closed-loop neurostimulator. Fig 1 illustrates the demo set-up for prototyping and testing closed-loop DBS paradigms, which was designed to simulate the conditions of a neural environment. DBS leads are immersed in a saline tank, into which a DAQ device outputs appropriately scaled voltages...
Implantable medical devices can provide chronic access to the nervous system. Implants containing embedded scientific instrumentation payloads (e.g. - sensors, classification, and control policy implementation) provide a unique opportunity for exploring diseased neural networks and how these neural networks may be better treated. Physically embedding payloads in an implant creates intertwined constraints...
Neurological implantable devices with electrophysiological sensing capabilities may enable new medical therapies and diagnostics. Of specific interest is phase-dependent delivery of therapy—such as electrical stimulation—as a potential method to enhance therapy effectiveness in improving diseased or damaged physiological processes with respect to rhythmic biomarkers, while minimizing the average energy...
A prototype bi-directional neural interface system is presented with closed-loop and embedded DSP capabilities. The system includes 32-electrode stimulation capability, eight multiplexed low-noise low-power bio-potential sensing channels with on-chip digital FFT, and a Cortex M3-based microcontroller for implementing closed-loop algorithms. The stimulation subsystem can provide a maximum stimulation...
Modulation of neural activity through electrical stimulation of tissue is an effective therapy for neurological diseases such as Parkinson's disease and essential tremor. Researchers are exploring improving therapy through adjustment of stimulation parameters based upon sensed data. This requires classifiers to extract features and estimate patient state. It also requires algorithms to appropriately...
Chronically implantable, closed-loop neuromodulation devices with concurrent sensing and stimulation hold promise for better understanding the nervous system and improving therapies for neurological disease. Concurrent sensing and stimulation are needed to maximize usable neural data, minimize time delays for closed-loop actuation, and investigate the instantaneous response to stimulation. Current...
We briefly describe a dynamic control system framework for neuromodulation for epilepsy, with an emphasis on its practical challenges and the preliminary validation of key prototype technologies in a chronic animal model. The current state of neuromodulation can be viewed as a classical dynamic control framework such that the nervous system is the classical “plant”, the neural stimulator is the controller/actuator,...
This paper describes the preliminary technology validation of a bi-directional neural interface in an awake large animal model (ovine). The device addresses the major requirements of a chronic research system, including operation within the implantable environment and electrical stimulation with concurrent bioelectric sensing. Preliminary chronic measurements of network dynamics demonstrate that a...
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