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Multi-level morphological active contour algorithm (MMAC), was proposed in [3-4], to incorporate mathematical morphology for tree detection and crown delineation with the average prediction error around 4% in mountainous areas. However, two major drawbacks come with the design of MMAC algorithm, which are huge computational complexity and certain level of false alarm or omission rate. The paper provides...
In this paper, a bone-guided cochlear implant (BGCI) SOC microsystem is proposed and designed. The BGCI microsystem uses four or more electrodes placed on the bone surface of the cochlea and one on the round window to preserve partially the acoustic hearing. The external SOC of the BGCI processes the acoustic signals and generates stimulation patterns and command that are transmitted to the implanted...
This paper presents a 16-channel closed-loop neuromodulation SoC for human seizure control. The SoC includes a 16-ch signal acquisition unit, a bio-signal processor, a 16-ch adaptive stimulator, and wireless telemetry. The signal acquisition unit achieves 3.78 NEF and shares electrodes with stimulator. The seizure detection latency is 0.76s and delivered 0.5–3mA biphasic current stimulation. The SoC...
In this paper, a 16-channel analog front-end (AFE) ECoG-signal acquisition circuit for closed-loop seizure control system is presented. It is composed of 16 auto-reset chopper-stabilized capacitive-coupled instrumentation amplifiers (AR-CSCCIA) with band-pass filters, 16 programmable transconductance-gain amplifiers, a multiplexer, a transimpedance amplifier, and a 10-bit SAR ADC. The low input-referred...
This paper presents the closed-loop neural disorder control concept and some design considerations. Two architectures of closed-loop neuromodulation for Parkinson's disease and epileptic seizure are proposed. One is a closed-loop deep brain stimulator, which meets the IEC 60601-1 standard. The other one is an implantable SoC for epileptic seizure control, which is verified by animal experiment.
Biomedical application will be one of the most important applications in VLSI design field near future, and this special session informs you the hottest biomedical applications related to artificial vision systems and brain machine interface. We invite three speakers Prof. Ohta from Japan, Prof. Suaning form Australia, Prof. Wu from Taiwan, and a keynote speaker Dr. Torres-Martinez from France as...
This paper presents a compact fully-integrated charge pump based voltage doubler for self-powered implantable retinal prostheses. The target input voltage is 0.55 V to meet the output voltage of on-chip photovoltaic cells, and the target output is around 1 V to provide sufficient current for neuron stimulation. Several techniques are adopted in the proposed design, including gate-boosting circuits...
The design of subretinal prosthetic devices including a self-powered implantable chip and an extraocular optical goggle is presented. Various optoelectronic and biological technologies are adopted in the device design to enhance both performance and biocompatibility. Experimental results and initial animal test results are described. Future development are also discussed.
In this paper, an 8-channel area-efficient low-power current-mode analog front-end amplifier (AFEA) is designed for EEG signal recording. The AFEA is composed of eight capacitive coupled transconductors (CCGMs), current-mode band-pass filters (CMBPFs), and programmable current-gain amplifiers (PCGAs) with a multiplexer (MUX), a transimpedance amplifier (TIA), and an offset current cancellation loop...
There are exciting new developments in health care wearables, fitness trackers and therapeutic implantable devices. This advancement is fueled, in part, by the miniaturization of sensors and associated electronics. One of the greatest opportunities in wearables and implanted devices is the wealth of data that can be extracted from these devices and the high-quality information that can emerge by combining...
An 8-channel chopper-stabilized analog front-end amplifier (AFEA) is designed in 65-nm CMOS for continuous EEG signal acquisition. The AFEA is composed of eight capacitively coupled chopper instrumentation amplifiers (CCCIAs) with chopper-stabilized circuits and band-pass filters, a multiplexed transconductor, and a transimpedance amplifier. The CCCIA employs an inverter-based folded-cascode amplifier...
A photovoltaic-cell-powered CMOS 256-pixel implantable chip is proposed for subretinal prostheses. In the proposed chip, the divisional power supply scheme (DPSS) and the active pixel sensor (APS) are adopted to improve the efficiency of output stimulation currents and the image sensitivity. The proposed chip consists of a 16×16 photodiode array with 8 DPSS divisions, control signal generator circuits,...
In this paper, a microfabricated inductive coil comprising of 125-turn coil windings and a MnZn-based magnetic core in a volume of 200 mm3 is presented for the magnetic neural stimulation in a spinal cord. The coil winding with the parallel-linkage design instead of the typical serial-linkage one is proposed not only to provide better design flexibility to the current mode driving circuit but also...
In this paper, an 8-channel low-power analog front-end amplifier (AFEA) with time-constant-enhanced topology is proposed for neural signal acquisition. The AFEA is composed of eight time-constant-enhanced amplifiers (TCEAs) and high-pass filters (HPFs), a multiplexed transconductor (MGM) and a transimpedance amplifier (TIA). The AFEA is designed and simulated in 65nm CMOS technology. The bandwidth...
This paper presents a low-power MedRadio-band integer-N phase-locked Loop (PLL) system which is composed of two charge-pump PLLs cascade connected. The PLL provides the operation clock and local carrier signals for an implantable medical electronic system. In addition, to avoid the off-chip crystal oscillator, the 13.56 MHz Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band signal from the wireless power...
A near-field 13.56-MHz 20mA inductive energy transmission device with ferrite core spiral coils and CMOS power regulator is designed and tested. The power regulator is composed of active voltage doubler (VD) rectifier and low-dropout regulators (LDOs). In order to avoid large space requirement of coil and further increase its efficiency in the implantable medical devices (IMDs), the coils are constructed...
In this paper, a low power integer-N cascaded Phase-locked loop (PLL) is proposed to provide the carrier signal and clock signals for a SOC with MedRadio-band transceiver, ADC, DSP, and 13.56-MHz wireless power supply. In the proposed cascaded PLL, the first PLL provides the sampling clocks while the second PLL provides the carrier clock. Furthermore, the 13.56-MHz signal from the receiving coil of...
A 4-Mbps 400-MHz On-Off Keying (OOK) receiver implemented in 0.18-um CMOS technology for implantable epilepsy sense-and-stimulation devices is presented. The proposed receiver is composed of a new current-mode full-wave envelope detector and differential cascaded gain amplifiers which is operated at MedRadio band. The fabricated receiver has power consumption of 0.27 mW and energy consumption of 0...
An architecture of SAR ADC called the delta-modulated SAR ADC (DMSAR ADC) is proposed and designed for medical device applications. In the proposed DMSAR ADC, only the voltage difference between two successive samples is resolved to reduce the conversion steps and decrease the power consumption per channel up to 66%. The experimental chip is implemented in 0.18μm CMOS technology. At the digital supply...
Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders. Around 1% of the world's population is affected, and nearly 25% of the patients cannot be treated by available therapies. Recently, seizure-triggered feedback electrical stimulation has been proved to effectively suppress pathological brain activities [1], but devices with accurate detection and effective stimulation for real-time seizure...
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