Search results for: J. Kainulainen

Items from 1 to 20 out of 26 results

chapter

Data analytics to improve SMOS calibration

R. Oliva, J. Tenerelli, M. Martin Neira, I. Corbella, more

2017 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) > 707 - 710

IGARSS 2017 - 2017 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium

The SMOS mission is a joint program led by ESA with participation of CNES in France and CDTI in Spain. SMOS satellite carries a single payload on board, MIRAS, a Microwave Imaging Radiometer with Aperture Synthesis. The satellite has been in-orbit for over 7 years, providing for the first time and for this entire time, the longest record of space-sensed soil moisture and ocean salinity measurement...

article

SMOS instrument performance and calibration after six years in orbit

M. Martín-Neira, R. Oliva, I. Corbella, F. Torres, more

Remote Sensing of Environment > 2016 > 180 > C > 19-39

ESA's Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission, launched 2-Nov-2009, has been in orbit for over 6years, and its Microwave Imaging Radiometer with Aperture Synthesis (MIRAS) in two dimensions keeps working well. The calibration strategy remains overall as established after the commissioning phase, with a few improvements. The data for this whole period has been reprocessed with a new fully polarimetric...

article

Magnetic resonance imaging has no role in diagnosing the origin of pain in patients with overwhelmingly painful inguinal hernia

S. Kouhia, S. Silvasti, J. Kainulainen, T. Hakala, more

Hernia > 2015 > 19 > 4 > 557-563

Purpose Clinical tools for predicting postoperative pain should be developed to provide better care for patients. The aims of this study were to evaluate preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings to reveal reasons for overwhelming pain in patients with inguinal hernia and to detect changes in quality-of-life (QoL) and pain scores preoperatively and following laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal...

chapter

Synthesizing SMOS zero-baselines with Aquarius brightness temperature simulator

A. Colliander, E. Dinnat, D. Le Vine, J. Kainulainen

2012 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium > 2872 - 2875

IGARSS 2012 - 2012 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium

The antenna pattern and observation geometry of the SMOS zero-baseline radiometer, which is used as a reference for the SMOS brightness temperature calibration, was applied to Aquarius simulator, which is used as a reference for the Aquarius brightness temperature calibration. In the preliminary analysis, simulations carried out over a three month period show remarkable agreement between the measurements...

chapter

PARIS Interferometric Technique proof of concept: Sea surface altimetry measurements

A. Rius, F. Fabra, S. Ribo, J. C. Arco, more

2012 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium > 7067 - 7070

IGARSS 2012 - 2012 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium

We report preliminary results of an aircraft experiment aimed to proof the PARIS Interferometric Technique. The experiment was performed in the Gulf of Finland during a two hours flight. We installed a PARIS Interferometric Receiver together with a GOLD-RTR instrument to collect reflected C/A, P(Y) and M-code GPS signals. The collected data has been analyzed to produce altimetric observables with...

chapter

Radio brightness validation on different spatial scales during the SMOS validation campaign 2010 in the Rur catchment, Germany

C. Montzka, H. Bogena, L. Weihermueller, F. Jonard, more

2011 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium > 3760 - 3763

IGARSS 2011 - 2011 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium

ESA's Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission has been launched in November 2009 and delivers now brightness temperature and soil moisture products over terrestrial areas on a regular three day basis. In 2010 several airborne campaigns were conducted to validate the SMOS products with microwave emission radiometers at L-band (1.4 GHz). In this paper we present the activities performed in the...

article

Experimental Study on Radiometric Performance of Synthetic Aperture Radiometer HUT-2D—Measurements of Natural Targets

J Kainulainen, K Rautiainen, J Lemmetyinen, Jaakko Seppänen, more

IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing > 2011 > 49 > 2 > 814 - 826

This paper describes the analysis of L-band radiometric measurement data gathered with the synthetic aperture radiometer HUT-2D during several ground-based and airborne measurement campaigns. The radiometric data are analyzed from the instrument's performance point of view, aiming to verify the theoretical performance of an instrument of this kind and to assess the performance of the HUT-2D radiometer...

chapter

Experimental validation of the Corbella's visibility function using HUT-2D and MIRAS

F Martin-Porqueras, J Kainulainen, M Martin-Neira, I Corbella, more

2010 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium > 4286 - 4289

2010 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010)

The Corbella's revision of the fundamental equation of the interferometric aperture synthesis radiometry is verified using airborne and spaceborne data. This experimental verification uses the measurements of the airborne instrument HUT-2D from the Aalto University (Helsinki), and the unique spaceborne microwave imaging radiometer by aperture synthesis (MIRAS) from the ESA's Soil Moisture and Ocean...

chapter

SMOS calibration and validation activities with airborne interferometric radiometer HUT-2D during spring 2010

J Kainulainen, K Rautiainen, P Sievinen, J Seppänen, more

2010 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium > 702 - 705

2010 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010)

In this paper we present calibration and validation activities of European Space Agency's SMOS mission, which utilize airborne interferomentric L-band radiometer system HUT-2D of the Aalto University. During spring 2010 the instrument was used to measure three SMOS validation target areas, one in Denmark and two in Germany. We present these areas shortly, and describe the airborne activities. We show...

chapter

Smos payload performance assessment

M Martin-Neira, I Corbella, F Torres, F Cabot, more

2010 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium > 3150 - 3153

2010 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010)

The performance requirements of the SMOS payload are demanding in terms of spatial resolution, accuracy, stability and precision, all critical to fulfill its scientific objectives. For this reason a commissioning plan for MIRAS was carefully devised to verify, calibrate and characterize all instrument parameters which could have an impact on its performance. This presentation describes the most important...

chapter

Studies of radio frequency interference at L-band using an airborne 2-D interferometric radiometer

M Hallikainen, J Kainulainen, J Seppänen, A Hakkarainen, more

2010 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium > 2490 - 2491

2010 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010)

Potential radio frequency interference (RFI) sources at L-band include L-band radars; mobile, navigation and other satellite services; and various land services. We have collected data using our airborne L-band interferometric HUT-2D radiometer in order to support the ESA SMOS mission. We participated in April-May 2008 in ESA's rehearsal campaign for SMOS satellite validation activities in Germany...

chapter

L-band measurements of boreal soil

A Kontu, J Lemmetyinen, J Pulliainen, K Rautiainen, more

2010 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium > 706 - 709

2010 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010)

The successful launch of the European Space Agency's (ESA) Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite mission on November 2nd 2009 opened a new era of global monitoring with L-band passive microwave instruments. The main objective of the mission is to measure soil moisture and sea surface salinity globally. The sole payload of SMOS is the Microwave Imaging Radiometer using Aperture Synthesis...

chapter

Comparing data of two airborne L-band radiometers with different spatial resolution over a heterogeneous land surface

J T Dall'Amico, J Kainulainen, A Loew, W Mauser

2010 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium > 538 - 541

2010 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2010)

This paper describes a first attempt of comparing data of the two airborne L-band radiometers EMIRAD and HUT-2D over land surface. While HUT-2D is an imaging system with a high spatial resolution, EMIRAD delivers data averaged over a relatively large footprint but can be considered to be more stable. The Upper Danube catchment, located mostly in Southern Germany, is one of two major test sites in...

chapter

In-orbit performance of the SMOS reference radiometers - results from the early commissioning phase

J Kainulainen, A Colliander

2010 11th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment > 5 - 10

2010 11th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment (MicroRad 2010)

In this paper we present a preliminary analysis of the radiometric performance of the three 1.4 GHz Noise Injection Radiometers of the SMOS satellite. We assess the radiometric resolution and stability of the receivers, and the similarity between their measurements. The units aim at measurements of a common antenna temperature, which determines the overall brightness temperature level of SMOS retrievals...

chapter

Soil moisture retrieval from HUT-2D synthetic aperture radiometer data

J. Seppanen, J. Kainulainen, J. Lemmetyinen, K. Rautiainen, more

2009 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium > 3 > III-298 - III-301

2009 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2009)

We have studied usage of our airborne L-band 2-D synthetic aperture radiometer HUT-2D for estimation of soil moisture. Measurements were conducted over three sites in Northern and Southern Finland in August 2007. Good results were achieved for bare soil and low vegetation, whereas soil moisture retrieval for forested areas requires further studies.

chapter

Sea surface salinity retrieval demonstration using datasets of synthetic aperture radiometer HUT-2D

J. Kainulainen, K. Rautiainen, J. Lemmetyinen, M. Hallikainen, more

2009 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium > 3 > III-737 - III-740

2009 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2009)

Interferometric aperture synthesis is a new technology proposed for space-borne remote sensing of sea surface salinity. In the lack of availability of a complete instrument of this kind, validation of the technology for salinity retrieval purposes is desired. In this paper we describe an intense measurement campaign carried out with a complete interferometric aperture synthesis radiometer system HUT-2D...

article

Error Propagation in Calibration Networks of Synthetic Aperture Radiometers

J. Kainulainen, J. Lemmetyinen, K. Rautiainen, A. Colliander, more

IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing > 2009 > 47 > 9 > 3140 - 3150

During the last two decades, the development of synthetic aperture radiometers for remote sensing has been studied intensively. One of the proposed methods for the calibration of such an instrument is the application of a distributed noise injection network. This paper focuses on the origin and effect of errors arising from this methodology. A generalized analytical method to calculate the accumulation...

article

Helsinki University of Technology L-Band Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radiometer

K. Rautiainen, J. Kainulainen, T. Auer, J. Pihlflyckt, more

IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing > 2008 > 46 > 3 > 717 - 726

An airborne L-band 2-D interferometric radiometer for Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) measurements has been developed in the Helsinki University of Technology, Laboratory of Space Technology. The first successful flights were conducted in spring 2006. In this paper, the technical description, calibration, and image reconstruction philosophy and the latest results from the use of the instrument...

article

The Flat Target Transformation

M. Martin-Neira, M. Suess, J. Kainulainen, F. Martin-Porqueras

IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing > 2008 > 46 > 3 > 613 - 620

This paper describes a practical method to calibrate the microwave imaging radiometer with aperture synthesis (MIRAS) in orbit using external targets. Together with the in-orbit validation of the antenna patterns, the method ensures the generation of valid and calibrated visibilities from raw measurements with minimum impact from instrument errors, particularly antenna errors. It has been possible...

chapter

Radiometric performance of interferometric synthetic aperture radiometer HUT-2D

J. Kainulainen, K. Rautiainen, M. Hallikainen, M. Takala

2007 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium > 243 - 246

2007 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS 2007

This paper describes a test campaign carried out with synthetic aperture radiometer HUT-2D to establish understanding to the instrument's radiometric performance. The test campaign consists of measurements of the radiation from the sky, which is considered as a well-known target, and measurements of a pure sea water scene, which brightness temperature is possible to model. Results of the tests are...

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Search results for: J. Kainulainen

Data analytics to improve SMOS calibration

SMOS instrument performance and calibration after six years in orbit

Magnetic resonance imaging has no role in diagnosing the origin of pain in patients with overwhelmingly painful inguinal hernia

Synthesizing SMOS zero-baselines with Aquarius brightness temperature simulator

PARIS Interferometric Technique proof of concept: Sea surface altimetry measurements

Radio brightness validation on different spatial scales during the SMOS validation campaign 2010 in the Rur catchment, Germany

Experimental Study on Radiometric Performance of Synthetic Aperture Radiometer HUT-2D—Measurements of Natural Targets

Experimental validation of the Corbella's visibility function using HUT-2D and MIRAS

SMOS calibration and validation activities with airborne interferometric radiometer HUT-2D during spring 2010

Smos payload performance assessment

Studies of radio frequency interference at L-band using an airborne 2-D interferometric radiometer

L-band measurements of boreal soil

Comparing data of two airborne L-band radiometers with different spatial resolution over a heterogeneous land surface

In-orbit performance of the SMOS reference radiometers - results from the early commissioning phase

Soil moisture retrieval from HUT-2D synthetic aperture radiometer data

Sea surface salinity retrieval demonstration using datasets of synthetic aperture radiometer HUT-2D

Error Propagation in Calibration Networks of Synthetic Aperture Radiometers

Helsinki University of Technology L-Band Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radiometer

The Flat Target Transformation

Radiometric performance of interferometric synthetic aperture radiometer HUT-2D

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