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This work presents the higher order modulation schemes for the standardised trichromatic light- emitting diode (TLED) and recently developed quad- chromatic LED (QLED) based colour shift keying (CSK), and investigates their performance over diffuse optical wireless channels with colour cross-talk, insertion losses and additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). The performance analysis shows that the uncoded...
The grow of smart phone and mobile devices market, has created a new set of opportunities for companies to develop new publicity strategies. One of the most widespread forms of engaging mobile users from printed materials is based on the use of QR codes, which have been adopted for many different applications such as accessing web sites or downloading premium content. In this research work, we will...
This paper presents the operating principle and application of an active fault current limiter (FCL) to a single phase distribution system. It employs an AC voltage source in phase with system voltage and an air core ideal transformer. The primary winding of the transformer is in series with AC main circuit and the secondary winding is connected to the homophase AC voltage source. In normal operating...
The prime objective of this paper is to find out the best polarization or polarization combination for classification of Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images. The Polarimetric information contained in Polarimetric SAR images represents great potential for characterization of natural and urban surfaces. In this paper we have used PALSAR image for our objective. Major land covers are Water,...
Text recognition in images is an active research area which attempts to develop a computer application with the ability to automatically read the text from images. Nowadays there is a huge demand of storing the information available on paper documents in to a computer readable form for later use. One simple way to store information from these paper documents in to computer system is to first scan...
Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis kills around 1.5 million people per year and infects a third of mankind. Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) is a live attenuated vaccine widely used to prevent tuberculosis in humans. BCG activates CD4 and CD8 T cell‐dependent Th1 immunity and protects partially against childhood disease but is poorly effective against adult tuberculosis. The efficacy...
In situ Ga-catalyzed AlGaAs nanostructures have been grown by MOVPE. The effect of growth temperature on the shape, size, tapering, and spatial distribution of nanostructures has been investigated using the FESEM technique. Micro-PL measurements have been conducted to analyze the optical quality of the nanostructures. Aluminum composition of around 13% has been estimated by multiple peak-fitting of...
The objective of this study is to derive the optimal retailer's replenishment policy for imperfect quality items in fuzzy environment. The effect of permissible delay in payments is also considered. It is assumed that production rate depends on the demand rate. Due to different preservation facilities, we consider that the deterioration rate is time dependent in own warehouse (O.W) and Wei-bull distribution...
The social and environmental changes make the preservation technologies very important for those organizations which deal with deteriorating items. To study the effect of preservation technologies we have established a inventory model with preservation technology investment for the deteriorating items. The rate of production is directly related to the demand which is depends on time. The partially...
An electrical-balance duplexer uses series connected step-down transformers to enhance linearity and power handling capability by reducing the voltage swing across nonlinear components. Wideband, dual-notch Tx-to-Rx isolation is demonstrated experimentally with a planar inverted-F antenna. The 0.18µm CMOS prototype achieves >50dB isolation for 220MHz aggregated bandwidth or >40dB dual-notch...
NEGs(non evaporable getters) when coated as thin film on the inner wall of vacuum pipes or chamber play vital role in the evacuation of a sealed off system after heating it to activation temperature. It creates the uniformity of pressure between two long pipes where pumping is not possible at each and every part. Ternary coating of materials Ti, Zr and V has prepared on SS304L by DC-magnetron sputtering...
In this article we have studied the two- warehouse inventory problem with limited storage capacity of owned warehouse (OW).If Inventory level exceeds the storage capacity of owned warehouse (OW) then organization hires a rented warehouse (RW) at high holding cost than holding cost of owned warehouse (OW). We have developed an inventory model for deteriorating items with non- instantaneous deterioration...
Deterioration rate is assumed to be an uncontrolled variable whereas through investment in preservation techniques it can be controlled up to certain level. In this paper we have studied effect of preservation technique for deteriorating items. So we have considered controllable deterioration rate with time dependent demand and trade credit in an inflationary environment. Objective of this study is...
In this paper, an innovative heat management solution for the Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) based on direct impingement cooling by Piezo fan has been proposed and evaluated. Round Piezo fans with 26 to 30 mm blade diameter, 1 to 5 mm fan thickness and narrow flow orifice (∼ 3 to 7.5 mm) were developed which could provide very high velocity air jet (> 10 m/s) for impinging heat source footprint directly...
We demonstrate 2D coherent spectroscopy of CdSe/ZnS nanocrystals and measure the exciton homogeneous linewidth. The 2D spectra also reveal an off-diagonal peak that oscillates as a function of the waiting time T.
Core dynamic power is independent of output load capacitance. IO power and static power is dependent on output load capacitance. In this work, we achieved 99.72% reduction in IOs power consumption of Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART) if we scale down output load from 10,000pf to 5pF in IOB setting of FPGA. Universal Asynchronous Receiver and Transmitter are a transceiver circuits...
We have studied spectral diffusion of excitons in GaAs quantum wells using two-dimensional coherent spectroscopy. Localized and delocalized excitons exhibit distinct spectral diffusion characteristics. These results cannot be explained in the strong redistribution approximation.
2D coherent spectroscopy is used to study exciton-phonon interactions in an InAs quantum dot ensemble. Temperature and size dependent properties of the zero-phonon line and the phonon background in the s- and p-shells are revealed.
Recent trends in mixed-signal design for wireless application require high speed, power-efficient ADCs. Flash ADC architecture is an optimum choice for speed but dissipates power exponentially with increase in resolution. The present work on 5-bit 1.5 GS/s ADC explores new architectural strategy of circuit design in optimizing the power using reduced comparator architecture. The proposed circuit using...
A photovoltaic (PV) system has a variable power output that depends on solar irradiance level and ambient temperature. This will be an issue when there is a massive penetration of PV in the future. Therefore, an energy storage system is indispensable to compensate the problem of PV output fluctuations. Battery energy storage system (BESS) employing power electronic converters can be used for compensating...
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