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The purpose of the study is to monitor the behaviour of titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) with and without hydroxyapatite superficial coating in Fusayama-Meyer artificial saliva by electro-corrosion tests, spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy. Materials and methods: we investigated the behaviour of titanium alloys Ti6Al4V and Ti6Al4V alloy coated with HA layers in Fusayama-Meyer artificial saliva...
Intelligent LED lighting systems can save up to 80% of energy compared to traditional lighting systems. In order to provide these intelligent lighting products at reaseonable costs, integration and miniaturisation are important steps. To this end we have designed a LED system-in-package that combines LEDs, driver ICs, and passives into a single package. In future we will expand this package with other...
Phenolic, flavonoid and tannin content of dried Pereskia bleo were investigated using the well established method via UV-Vis Spectrometry. Pereskia bleo has phenolic content the highest followed by flavonoid and tannin content. A study of antioxidant activities of dried sample of Pereskia bleo was carried out by using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The plant shows moderate antioxidant...
This study aims to determine the antioxidant activities of traditional plants from the Lauraceae family in Sarawak. Twenty selected plants from the Lauraceae family were collected from various mixed dipterocarp forests located in the Kuching and Samarahan Districts of Sarawak. Their antioxidant activities were evaluated on the methanolic extracts using the DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl ) assay...
Vic-dioximes, a class of organic chemical compounds, are proposed for the first time as effective sensing materials for the detection and quantification of organophosphates with chemical gas sensors. The described vic-dioximes are derivatives of glyoxime and were substituted in 1, 2 positions with alkylthiols of varying chain lengths. These oximes in the free form are powerful H bond donors that interact...
The volatile oils were extracted from Typha latifolia by Water-steam distillation. Components of the volatile oils were analyzed and identified by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the allelopathic effect of the volatile oils were also explored by bioassay of Microcystin aeruginosa. The results showed that the volatile oils had activity to inhibit the growth of M. aeruginosa. This study...
With the drive to enhance Moisture Sensitivity Level for TSSOP-48L package in OSPI, plating type for this package was converted to roughened treated upgraded Pre-Plated Nickel Palladium Gold(RT-UPG PPF). The enhanced property of this plating type to adhere to the epoxy molding compound, results in processing difficulty for the runner bars to be removed from the strip. This paper will discuss in detail...
Package warpage or generally referred to as plastic package deformation has become more challenging with larger and thinner package body sizes. The detrimental effects of the package warpage are more prominent in peripheral packages with leads such as fine pitch LQFP (Low Profile Quad Flat Package). As all the leads are embedded in the plastic body, the warpage will displace the leads in the same...
Hexane extracts of Potamogeton maackianus were fractionated using silica gel column chromatography under room pressure by antialgal activity-guidence. Ten fractions were obtained and three of them shown obvious antialgal activities. These three active fractions were further separated using gel chromatography (Sephadex LH-20). Then the active fractions Fr 3-5, 3-7 and 3-8 were obtained and their percentage...
Study effect of different concentrations (1◇10,1◇50,1◇100,1◇200)water extract from Alnus nepalensis D.Don on the seed germination and allelopathic physiology and biochemistry characteristics effects of Pinus yunnanensis Faranch. Pre-test tube method was used with qualitative analysis of organic components of water extract from A.nepalensis D.Don. Results showed that water extract of A. nepalensis...
We review the results obtained on novel superconductors and on materials showing Charge Density Waves (CDW), which have in common the application of the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory, by using Coherent synchrotron Radiation as a source for sub-Terahertz spectroscopy. We also present new data on the low-energy excitations of the CDW pahse of multiferroic LuFe(2)O(4).
We have studied the IR reflectance of correlated electron materials under high pressure to 20 GPa, using synchrotron radiation as a highly bright IR source. The instrumentation and examples of obtained results are briefly described.
Mechanical simulation and modeling play increasingly important roles in semiconductor industry. It provides guidelines on material selection, package geometry configuration, and package platform selection. It also provides insights and predictions on package reliability and failure mechanisms. Many mechanical models on reliability and failure issues aim directly at observed failures, such as solder...
The tri(o-phenylenediamine) cyclotriphosphazene (TPCTP) was synthesized using titrating technology of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene solution and the synthesis parameters were investigated, and the structure of TPCTP was analyzed by FTIR in this paper. Using TPCTP synthesized in the work as flame retardant, the epoxy molding compound(EMC) for packaging of large-scale integrated circuits with halogen-free...
The effects of filler loading, types of rubber (elastomer) and glass transition temperature (Tg) on mold compound's toughness at room and high temperature (240°C) were investigated. The new simplified toughness test method based on ASTMD5049 was also developed. The study was done with L39 Taguchi method, 3 factors with 3 levels. The factors are filler percentage (88%,89% and 90%,) Tg value (defined...
To ensure high reliability for advanced automotive electronics, investigation and understanding on the failure mechanisms under harsh conditions are needed. New methods and technologies for improved reliability and increased lifetime should be developed. In this paper, an investigation on the effect of high temperature aging on the thermomechanical properties, microstructure of the molding compounds...
Intermetallic compounds (IMCs) that grow on the interface between the solder alloy and its bonding pads play a crucial role in the reliability of solder joints. It has been identified that the cracking around the IMC layer is the primary failure mode in lead-free solder joints. Therefore the mechanical behavior of the IMC has attracted great attentions. In this paper, mechanical properties of two...
As electronic devices become lighter, thinner, shorter, and smaller, IC packages follow. Low-profile type packages are reduced in thickness, so the stiffness of thin type packages is weaker due to the thermo-mechanical effects of manufacturing processes, testing, and operations. Due to the different temperatures in those processes, and the differences in coefficient thermal expansion (CTE) of each...
This paper describes a novel compound Markov random field model capable of realistic modelling of multispectral bidirectional texture function, which is currently the most advanced representation of visual properties of surface materials. The proposed compound Markov random field model combines a non-parametric control random field with analytically solvable wide sense Markov representation for single...
In order to obtain some basic data for eco-toxicological tests, acute lethal toxicities of o-nitrochlorobenzene, m-nitrochlorobenzene and 2,4-dinitrotoluene in aquatic environment to Brocarded Carp were investigated. Brocarded Carp was employed and introduced into different test solutions contained three compounds. LC50 defined within 96 h was calculated by the mortality of fish using the Karbers...
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