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Matrix interferences remain one of the biggest problems for wafer VPD-ICPMS analysis. It is reported here that a few metals such as Ti, Ni, Ga and Ge have been successfully resolved from thick SiO2 matrix interference by a new evaporation method.
We have demonstrated the front-gate (FG) III-V single structure CMOS using ultra-thin body (UTB) InAs/InGaSb on insulator (-OI) on Si substrates with high hole mobility (μeff) of 240 cm2V−1s−1. We have found that the μeff is enhanced by the buffered-HF (BHF)-cleaned InAs MOS interfaces, Ni alloy S/D, and the InAs/strained InGaSb-OI hetero-interface channel. The CMOS operation using FG InAs/InGaSb-OI...
This paper propose the experimental determination of ideality coefficient or emission coefficient for an actual diode in laboratory, using NI ELVIS II+, which enables current-voltage characteristic lifting semi-logarithmic coordinates. In addition it is determined the reverse bias saturation current of diode.
Self-Organizing TDMA (S-TDMA) is a channel access technique based on a time-slotted channel and distributed slot reservation procedure. It is considered as a valid alternative to the Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) standard for safety-critical (V2X) communications, because of its stable deterministic access opportunity and delay under various channel loads. This paper provides an analytical...
Highly selective contacts which allow one type of carrier (e.g. holes) to conduct and block the other type (e.g. electrons) are the key to achieving high efficiency in thin-film solar cells. Metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) carrier selective contacts can make a solar cell possible without a diffused p-n junction. In this work, we introduce nickel oxide (NiO) as a potential hole selective (electron...
Plated copper is being considered as an alternative to screenprinted silver for the front contacts of crystalline silicon solar cells. Generally, a thin nickel layer, annealed to form nickel silicide is used to improve contact resistance and adhesion of the contact to silicon. Nickel layers can also be used to prevent the detrimental diffusion of copper into the cell. One challenge to the commercialization...
Light-induced plating of Si solar cells was analyzed using in-situ linear sweep voltammetry using a potentiostat configured with a reference electrode. The current-voltage relationships recorded depend on the characteristics of the solar cell, the electrochemical reactions at the interface and the electrolyte resistance. Linear sweep voltammetry can be used to ensure that the solar cell operates under...
This paper reports aluminum (Al) electroplating as the metallization technique for the front finger electrode on n-type silicon (Si) in crystalline-Si solar cells. The development of the Al electroplating process is motivated by the limited reserves of silver (Ag) on this planet and the industry-wide push to reduce Ag usage for cost control. The new metallization process consists of: 1) patterning...
Deadlock prevention policies for flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) usually suffer from redundant monitors since some monitors may be added to the siphons that are originally controlled. To eliminate these redundant monitors, the controllability condition of siphons is studied in this work. For a class of Petri nets called Systems of Simple Sequential Processes with Resources (S3PR), new concepts...
The best design among many can be selected through their accurate performance evaluation. When such evaluation is based on discrete event simulations, the design selection is extremely time-consuming. Ordinal optimization greatly speeds up this process. Optimal Computing-Budget Allocation (OCBA) has further accelerated it. Other kinds of OCBA have been introduced for reaching different goals, for...
For many years, scientists all over the world have been trying to find suitable materials for spintron-ic applications. In this respect, the europium chalcogenide europium sulfide (EuS) has very promising characteristics [1]. First discovered and investigated in the 1960's, it combines two very crucial properties: it is a semiconductor with E = 1.6 eV and has magnetic moment of 7 μB due to localized...
In this paper, we propose the use of a memory system which has partially reliable SPM in order to optimize energy consumption while ensuring required reliability. An allocation method for such memory system is formulated as integer linear programming whose solution leads to energy-optimal consumption while ensuring required reliability. Evaluation shows that proposed method is effective when overhead...
The concept of mixtures of discrete HMMs (MDHMM) is introduced. The application of MDHMMs to the classification of mixtures of signals is described. The optimal decision rule is presented. Alternative algorithms with reduced computational load are proposed: a simplified decision statistic is defined and sub-optimal search methods are discussed. The performance of the various algorithms are analyzed...
Password authentication with smart card is one of the most convenient and effective two-factor authentication mechanisms for remote systems to assure one communicating party of the legitimacy of the corresponding party by acquisition of corroborative evidence. This technique has been widely deployed for various kinds of authentication applications, such as remote host login, online banking, e-commerce...
In this paper, we study the consensus problem via stable compensator for N identical MIMO linear dynamic systems which are stabilizable and detectable. It is shown that consensus is reached if there exists a stable compensator which simultaneously stabilizes N − 1 systems in a special form. We show that there exists such a compensator under very general condition. Finally, the consensus value is characterized...
Ni (Nickel) piping, Contact openness, and W (Tungsten) recess are three major defects encountered in 40nm Contact related process development. In this paper, PAI (Pre- Amorphous Implantation) and Ni capping layer were optimized for Ni piping reduction. Contact etch process window was enlarged to eliminate Contact openness. The specific PMOS-localized defect phenomenon was studied. High ILD (Interlayer...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of many sensors working as hosts. These sensors can sense a phenomenon and represent it in a form of data. There are many applications for WSNs such as object tracking and monitoring where the objects need protection. Providing an efficient location privacy solution would be challenging to achieve due to the exposed nature of the WSN. The communication protocol...
Activation mapping using electroanatomical mapping (EAM) systems helps to guide catheter ablation treatment of common arrhythmias. In focal tachycardias, the earliest activation area becomes the ablation target. Recently, we proposed a single-point wavelet-based algorithm to automatically identify electrogram (EGM) activation onsets for activation mapping. In this work, we propose an EGM morphology-based...
We present the fabrication and characterization of a silicon micromirror with carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-nickel (Ni) composite beams, and evaluate the mechanical stability of the micromirror in terms of resonant frequency. A novel electroplating method is developed for the synthesis of the CNTs-Ni composite. The weight fraction of the CNTs in the electroplated composite is 2.6 wt%, and the ultramicroindentation...
This paper presents fabrication and characterization of Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)-templated hierarchical nickel oxide (NiO) supercapacitor electrodes. The hierarchical NiO electrode was created by integrating silicon (Si) micropillars with thermally oxidized nickel (Ni)-coated TMVs. SEM images taken after the high temperature oxidation process verified the robustness of the bio-nanotemplates, while...
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