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Microfabricated microelectrode arrays are used to record and stimulate neurons and nerve axons in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Advances in silicon micromachining have brought forth new configurations of microelectrode structures, such as the Utah Electrode Array (UEA). This paper presents a novel monolithic integration technology to realize a flexible neural interface in which a biocompatible...
With the development of electronics, communications and materials technology, smart clothing or referred to as electronic textiles (E-Textile) are gradually moving from concept to practice. Reliable, safe and non-obtrusive wearable physiological monitoring is an important application field of smart clothing. Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a very important physiological parameters, but conventional ECG...
Understanding the initiation site and propagation of epileptiform discharges in hippocampus are of important physiological significance. Here in transverse plane of hippocampus, the above questions were investigated with low-Mg2+ ACSF perfused hippocampal slices of Sprague Dawley rat using microelectrode arrays. Initiation site of epileptiform discharges was determined by comparing the onset time...
Multi-channel ECoG signals are directly recorded from the surface of brain during finger flexion. Here they are used to construct brain functional networks based on phase synchronization theory. The channels of ECoG signals are considered as the nodes of brain functional networks, and the interactions among the channels suggest the connectivity of brain functional networks. The edge between two different...
A new disposable α-amylase biosensor has been developed based on the encapsulation of both the glucose oxidase (GOD) and the α-glucosidase in the composite film of the sol-gel/Nafion.1, 1-dimethyl-3-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl) ferrocene (DMAHFc) as an electron transferring mediator was immobilized on the screen-printed electrode surface by Nafion. Under optimal conditions this biosensor was able to detect...
A multichannel cochlear implant (CI) is designed to take advantage of the tonotopic arrangement of auditory nerve fibers within a cochlea. The electrically evoked compound action potential (ECAP) is a safe and reliable objective measure for qualifying neural survival and local spatial resolution in the cochlea. The present study was aimed to explore the effect of recording position on the ECAP Amplitude...
Tinnitus is defined as "unwanted auditory perception of internal origin, usually localized, and rarely heard by others. Tinnitus is a sensibly experienced ringing sensation in the auditory system, which occurs without the presence of an actual auditory stimulation". Nowadays many researchers focused on finding a method for treatment of tinnitus. Although they report many different treatments,...
Music electrotherapy is on the basis of electro-acupuncture, which combined music, electrode with electro-acupuncture. This method draws on the characteristics of both electrotherapy and music therapy music. Music electrotherapy through music and music signals acting on the hearing and body, increase or improve the person's psychological, physiological conditions, so as to achieve health, disease...
The regeneration of injured spinal cord in applied weak DC electrical field has been demonstrated for years. However, the most suitable stimulating intensity has not been confirmed because the mechanism of axonal regeneration in applied DC electrical field is absent. This paper used finite element method to analyze the distribution of electrical field before and after injury and the uniformity of...
A wireless EEG/ECG system using non-contact sensors is presented. The system consists of a set of simple capacitive electrodes manufactured on a standard printed circuit board that can operate through fabric or other insulation. Each electrode provides 46 dB of gain over a .7-100 Hz bandwidth with a noise level of 3.80μV RMS for high quality brain and cardiac recordings. Signals are digitized directly...
The acute central system effects of relaxation techniques have not been systematically studied. We conducted a study of the EEG patterns of 10 subjects who were given an audio stimulus of Alpha music. The EEG is acquired using BIOPAC Student Lab with suitably placed silver/silver chloride electrodes to study the effects of Alpha music on Alpha and Beta rhythms of the subjects EEG. Research shows Alpha...
This paper presents the development of low cost physiotherapy monitor system. Generally, muscle will generate a signal while it is activated. For ease of study, the system will be design based on one selected muscle. The design of the low cost monitoring system has two channel input and a small size base platform. Simple EMG signal is output from the low cost platform and sent into computer. The signal...
Retinal prostheses are being developed worldwide to help restore partial vision in patients suffering from eye diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP) or age-related macular degradation (AMD). This paper presents a flexible electrode driver using 65 nm CMOS process for a 1024-electrode epiretinal prosthesis. The electrode driver is part of the implant device which is used to deliver electrical...
The incorporation of nanostructured materials as functional elements of microscale devices can enhance the application of these systems for biological interfacing. Vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (VACNFs) have been applied as highly spatially resolved electrodes in electrophysiological interfacing to tissue. Further, their high aspect ratio enables them to penetrate into cells of tissue matrices...
Recognition of Motor Imagery (MI) using a dynamic cascade feed-forward neural network (CFNN) is presented. MI is the mental simulation of a motor act that includes preparation for movement and mental operations of motor representations implicitly or explicitly. The ability of an individual to control his EEG through imaginary motor tasks enables him to control devices through a Brain Machine Interface...
We present the design and characterization of amplifiers and control logic for an integrated circuit designed to record electrocorticograms (ECoG) from the surface of the brain. The chip, which was fabricated in a 0.6-μm BiCMOS process, contains 100 amplifiers, control logic, and circuits for wireless power and transmission of data. ECoG signals, sensed by electrodes, are capacitively coupled to the...
We describe in this paper an energy-efficient waveform generator which is dedicated to build a low-power intra-cortical implantable microstimulator. It features novel flexible current-mode stimuli such as half-sine and rising exponential pulses. The output stage of the proposed device consists of an electrode-tissue driver that generates high-voltage supplies on-chip in order to increase the voltage...
In this paper, we investigate a passive charge recovering stimulation strategy that can potentially halve the stimulation power consumption in implantable neuro-stimulators. We propose a simple circuit implementation and an electrode-tissue interface model and use this to simulate average electrode currents and electrode resting potentials over a range of stimulation and electrode parameters. We compare...
Recording neural information using implanted cuff electrodes in a tripolar arrangement is affected by myoelectric interference present at the implantation site. The performance of the recently proposed mQT was suboptimal in that tuning was required to compensate for such interference. In this work we present an improvement where interference in the mQT is removed by modeling the impedance profile...
The uncertain conductivity value of brain tissue influences the accuracy of the EEG inverse problem solution. When using traditional least-squares minimization methods, the number of electrodes that is used as input in the EEG inverse problem has not an influence on the resolution. However, when including a selection procedure on a high number of electrodes, the localization error is decreased. The...
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