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Multi-gigabits per second millimetre-waves (MMW) have found wide application in a variety of areas. There is always demand for not only discovering costly effective ways of generation, but also carrying high bit rate signals, up to 10 Gb/s, as long as possible. In this paper, developments for generation and dispersion compensation techniques for transmission of optical MMW signals are presented. Optically...
As more and more real Wireless Sensor Network's (WSN) applications have been tested and deployed over the last decade, the research community of WSN realizes that several issues need to be revisited from practical angles, such as reliability and availability. Furthermore, fault-tolerance is one of the main issues in WSNs since it becomes critical in real deployed environments where network stability...
This paper presents the development of graphical user interface (GUI) for Humanoid Head Robot Amir-II. The GUI serves as a monitoring tool for the robot operation which includes the visual input from a webcam as its eye and the positioning of the Dynamixel AX-12 robot actuators. Matlab Graphical User Interface Development Environment (Matlab GUIDE) is used in developing the GUI which enables Matlab...
This paper presents the design of Multi-Band Passive RFID Tag Antenna with rectangular fractal shape and two operating bands for Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). The proposed antenna has wide and dual bandwidth verified by Simulated. It covers the wide frequency range including microwave bands of a 2.45GHz and 5.8GHz. This design of multiband antenna shows promising results at two different...
This paper describes the performance evaluation of the Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) technique using Double Weight (DW) Code. This technique was implemented in local area environment which is applied in ring network and the performance analysis was carried out using optical communication simulation software. Details of the simulation result on OCDMA in terms of bit error rate (BER),...
The scalable video coding H.264/SVC is the video coding standard which is an extension of H.264/AVC. Because of its scalability, H.264/SVC has gained a great interest in video transmission. Partial bit stream can be transmitted and decoded by the H.264/SVC in order to provide quality in lower temporal or spatial resolutions or reduced fidelity while retaining a reconstruction quality that is high...
In this paper, visual tracking and servoing of human face are implemented through image processing. A robotic humanoid head named Amir-II, equipped with web cam and servoing mechanism is used as the platform. The robotic head tracks the human face within the field-of-vision (FOV) while the servoing mechanism ensures the detected human face remains at the center of its FOV. The algorithm developed...
A 0.13-μm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology capacitive measuring system has been proposed for detection a wide range of capacitance variation values by using less than 1.2-V supply voltage. Simulation results have successfully verified the function of the design is able to measure both small and large capacitance variations. Capacitance to Voltage Converter (CVC) system is...
This paper presents a review of novel methods that have been proposed by many authors for nonlinear optical effects suppression in WDM systems. Among the major nonlinear optical effects in WDM systems include nonlinear crosstalk, cross-phase modulation (XPM) and four wave mixing (FWM). These nonlinearities will degrade the performance of WDM systems particularly at bit rates higher than 2.5 Gbit/s...
In this paper, we examine an enhancement of pulsed Multiband Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (pulsed MB-OFDM) systems for Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) applications. The pulsed MB-OFDM system offers an efficient option for fulfilling the UWB high bandwidth channel requirements. This system combines the two major implementations of UWB, namely the impulse radio and...
Wave propagation at higher frequencies is highly influenced by rain. The measured rain attenuation data was collected from January 1999 to April 2000 at 15, 23 26, and 38 GHz frequencies for terrestrial microwave links in Malaysia. This research investigated the effects of frequency on the fade slope. The fade slope was analyzed using the measured data and it is found that the distribution for the...
A triple-band dipole antenna integrated with 0.92 GHz Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) is presented. The AMC structure is called a high-impedance surface (HIS) structure and is useful as a ground plane to the dipole antenna. This structure can be used to prevent the degradation of tag and antenna performance caused by the conductive materials (metal objects) and to increase the antenna gain. This...
Many configurations of EDFA producing triple pass EDFAs have been used, however, only two configurations are commonly used in the optical fiber communication system due to their high performance. Those two configurations are configured in a double stage EDFA. The first configuration is (configuration A) consists of a single-pass EDFA as the first stage and a double-pass EDFA as the second stage. The...
Hajj ritual involves many pilgrims from more than one hundred countries with more than two million people every year. This paper presents simulation of the hajj crowd based on the development on intelligent agent. The intelligent agent is able to adapt and show rational behavior, to recognize the environment, and to do action. The concept of intelligent agent is applied to the individual pilgrim to...
This paper demonstrates the numerical model of an EDFA with macro-bending. The bending diameter and erbium doped fiber (EDF) length for single-pass macro-bent Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFA) are theoretically analyzed by solving differential equations. Numerical results show gain flattened in C-band region compare to un-spooled high concentration EDFA.
We theoretically investigate the generation of linearly chirped solitary pulse in photonic crystal fiber (PCF) to obtain very short pulses than adiabatic compression, wherein the effective dispersion decreases but the nonlinearity increases exponentially, by using the self-similar analysis. The dispersion and nonlinearity varying nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation aptly models the pulse propagation...
This paper presents a hybrid technique for macrocell placement optimization. The presented technique integrates the probabilistic hill-climbing feature of simulated annealing with the (deterministic) cluster-boundary search algorithm in order to minimize the likelihood of local optimal solutions. It optimizes the placement as well as orientation of macrocells and produces overlap-free designs satisfying...
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