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Companies of the engineer-to-order (ETO) business face various trends such as digitalization and globalization. These trends will radically impact our ways of engineering. The Engineering framework translates Dave Snowden's Cynefin framework [2] to the engineering world. Cynefin for Engineers allows structuring future ways of engineering and guiding ETO companies along their transformation of engineering...
Spreadsheets serve as a basis for decision-making processes in many companies and bugs in spreadsheets can therefore represent a considerable risk to businesses. Systematic tests can help to locate such bugs, but providing test cases can be cumbersome and complex for large real-world spreadsheets. To make the specification of test cases easier, we propose to split spreadsheets into smaller logically...
Over the last decade industries that normally used to satisfy their customers with their products through an existing dealer network were faced with the customer's increasing willingness and desire to purchase their products over the internet. New sales technology (e-commerce) had to meet and match (A) the complex, sometimes unpredictable customer expectations and behaviors (sales conversion) and...
Machines that stores and process data had been in the works for a long time, as the volume of data increased so did the capacity of the machines to handle those data. The notion of big data came into light during the early days of internet when machines not only store and process data but also generate a huge volume of information too. We stared to get very large volumes of dataset beyond the capacity...
In any sufficiently complex software system there are experts, having a deeper understanding of parts of the system than others. However, it is not always clear who these experts are and which particular parts of the system they can provide help with. We propose a framework to elicit the expertise of developers and recommend experts by analyzing complexity measures over time. Furthermore, teams can...
Modern automotive embedded systems are developed by Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM) together with multiple suppliers. A key problem for a supplier is to allocate an OEM's requirements specification to their own subsystem design. This is a difficult manual task especially on complex systems and it requires expert knowledge about the system design. To address this problem, this paper presents...
The paper examines the features of IT-projects and their impact on the management decisions of outsourcing companies in their implementation, as well as demonstrates the necessity to apply simulation models of portfolio management of IT-projects. It introduces a system-dynamic model of IT-project with elements of the cognitive approach as a basis for model management of an outsourcing IT-company as...
Nowadays, complex systems represent research topics to a variety of sciences and professional practice methods. In the social sciences field, the main objective of the complexity studies would be to explain the interactions between the members of a social system (economic, etc.). To conduct the internal audit activity in terms of economy, efficiency and effectiveness requires a functional structure...
Companies of the engineer-to-order (ETO) business face various trends such as digitalization and globalization. These trends will radically change the way of working in engineering. First, this paper carves out four basic categories of engineering in the ETO business — ‘Easy Engineering’, ‘Zero Engineering’, ‘Perfect Engineering’ and ‘Pioneer Engineering’ — and describes their distinctive characteristics...
As many companies exist for decades, their software systems and IT architectures grow massively with the companies requirements. To avoid failures due to changes to a productive system, new demands often lead to new solutions while neglecting to restructure existing software systems despite a similar purpose of use. As a consequence, the IT complexity of such software systems and IT architectures...
With today manufacturing technology, it is not possible to eliminate all defects and ensure every manufactured unit is perfect. Instead, each manufactured unit must be tested so that defective parts are not shipped to a customer. Different Test Strategies are commonly used since none is considered as optimal in terms of low defect level. Most companies use some but not all of the following three Test...
Recently, Technical Debt (TD) has gained popularity in the Software Engineering community to describe design decisions that allow software development teams to achieve short term benefits such as expedited release of code. Technical debt accrued should be managed to avoid the disastrous consequences of these temporary workarounds. Management of technical debt involve documenting the debt item in the...
Decision making is a difficult task over the complex, spirited and competitive environment. A variety of research provides diverse notification for individual failure in making logical decisions under certain circumstances by applying normative approaches. In today's competitive market, the advance of technology is closely related to consumer needs for the extraction of good quality products at less...
Emerging power systems are requiring changes on all layers: planning, operation and markets. Smart grids operation, including control of the energy flow in active distribution grids adds more challenges to the measurement layer. Presently there is a gap between the models used for the current and voltage waveforms in the corresponding measurement algorithms implemented by devices deployed in power...
Nowadays, providing purchasable goods is not enough for a company to survive on the global market. Because of competitive prices and a large range of products available, companies need to offer additional benefits to their customers in order to create a unique selling point. They add services to their product portfolio and offer clients the opportunity to acquire an additional service solution to...
The purpose of this paper is to identify areas throughout a product's lifecycle processes where complexity can be reduced by implementing a product configuration system (PCS). As discussed in the literature, several benefits are realized by using a PCS in terms of product and process standardization. This also leads to control and reduce of complexity both in products and processes. To this end, this...
Team-based learning (TBL) is a form of student-centered active learning which will help to develop various professional skills, problem solving, interpersonal team skills, and self-directed independent learning. The success of TBL approach depends on its design comprising Team formation, Project identification and distribution, monitoring the progress, maintaining open discussion in every phase and...
With the emergence of a knowledge driven economy, these are times of brisk business for institutions providing training to professionals. The flipside of this is that there is an ever increasing demand on them to create a growing number of new courses, and serve an ever increasing flow of customers ata faster and faster pace. In its various flavours, this problem is faced by MOOC/online course providers,...
Spoken language understanding and dialog management have emerged as key technologies in interacting with personal digital assistants (PDAs). The coverage, complexity, and the scale of PDAs are much larger than previous conversational understanding systems. As such, new problems arise. In this paper, we provide an overview of the language understanding and dialog management capabilities of PDAs, focusing...
We investigate the occurrence of user restatement when there is no apparent error in Intelligent Virtual Assistant (IVA) understanding in a multimodal customer service environment. We define several classes of response medium combinations and use various statistical measures to determine how the combination of medium and linguistic complexity impacts the user's apparent willingness to accept their...
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