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From first-order incremental ΣΔ converters to controlled-oscillator-based converters, many ADC architectures are based on the continuous-time integration of the input signal. However, the accuracy of such converters cannot be properly estimated without establishing the impact of noise. In fact, noise is also integrated, resulting in a random error that is added to the measured value. Since drifting...
A noise analysis is conducted on a DC powered dual diaphragm air pump. Using a sound level meter, data acquisition chassis and a LabVIEW based fast Fourier Transform tool, the acoustic spectrum of the pump operating under nominal conditions is obtained. The majority of the acoustic energy propagating from the pump is within the 20 to 2000 Hertz range, classifying the pump acoustics as low pitched...
It is valuable for the public to get access to real-time noise level information. Unfortunately, it is generally difficult for ordinary people to access real-time noise level information because of limited noise information stations and increased burden of carrying professional noise level meters. Being equipped with a high-quality microphone, a smartphone can potentially serve as a handy noise level...
We present an algorithm for reconstruction of dynamic scenes from a video input of an asynchronous stereo-pair. Our method presumes that the timestamps of the frame acquisitions and the intrinsic parameters of the stereo cameras are known, as well as, that the extrinsic parameters can be estimated from static regions of the scene. It computes the 3D trajectory of each individual point by modeling...
The paper deals with the estimation of the noise characteristics of a linear system described by the state space model. In particular, the stress is laid on the linear systems with the measurement noise correlated in time. The method, providing unbiased estimates of the state and measurement noise characteristics is analytically derived. The method extends, in principle, the concept of the correlation...
A 12-bit 20-MS/s charge redistribution successive approximation register analog-to-digital converter in a 65-nm CMOS technology is presented in this paper. To address the issue of long DAC settling time in bit-conversion, an improved internal clock generator is proposed. In addition, a novel SAR controller is introduced to minimize the critical path and improve the conversion speed. Simulation results...
A bandpass delta-sigma modulator with a widely tunable center frequency range for direct digitization of IF or RF signals can be a key building block for highly digitized radio receivers. The performance of the bandpass modulator is highly dependent on the accuracy of the noise transfer function zero locations in the presence of process spread. An automatic calibration method is proposed to calibrate...
Towards meeting the continued demand for higher performance in analog/RF ICs, the semiconductor industry has resorted to aggressive design styles. In conjunction with the increased variation of modern processes, aggressive design jeopardizes yield and, by extension, profitability of the design. In an effort to facilitate aggressive high-performance design without compromising production yield, modern...
With the growing interest in the application of wind energy, doubly fed induction generators (DFIG) play an increasingly essential role in the power industry. It has been well recognized that modeling and monitoring the dynamic behavior of DFIGs are important to ensure power system reliability. Real-time estimation of the dynamic states of a DFIG is possible with high-speed measurements. But how to...
In this paper, we study the problem of reproducing the light from a single image of an object covered with random specular microfacets on the surface. We show that such reflectors can be interpreted as a randomized mapping from the lighting to the image. Such specular objects have very different optical properties from both diffuse surfaces and smooth specular objects like metals, so we design a special...
This paper makes a review of main methods to improve the linearity of ADCs. Methods are collected in view of mainstream techniques. A model of redundant noise-shaping Pipelined Flash-SAR ADC is proposed, which is the combination of Flash, Pipeline, SAR and ΣΔ ADC, the effectiveness of the model is demonstrated by simulation. Also, application of dynamic element matching (DEM) linearization techniques...
A novel pixel architecture is presented to be part of a pH-based DNA microarray using ISFETs as chemical sensors. The design, based on APS architectures, performs pulse width modulation to encode the pH in time. It allows compensation for a major ISFET nonideality, offset in the threshold voltage, which is caused by trapped charge on the floating gate and the passivation layer of the ISFET. Also,...
A low-noise MEMS vibration gyroscope interface is presented in this paper. A novel capacitance to voltage (C/V) conversion structure is introduced, which consists of a fully differential capacitor bridge and an active filtering net. An auto-calibration method is proposed, which can compensate the gyroscope mismatch to less than 2fF. We use a multistage noise shaping (mash) sigma-delta modulator to...
This paper describes an effective way of relaxing the nonlinearity problem of the digitally-controlled oscillator (DCO) in the two-point modulator design. A separate coarse varactor array dedicated for the high-pass modulation significantly simplifies the nonlinearity calibration of the DCO with a few-bit control. In addition, a finite-impulse response (FIR) filter is designed for the multi-bit high-pass...
Calibrating the response function of a line scanner is very important in many fields of computer vision. We propose a method to reduce nonequivalence present in response functions of pixels. Contrary to current state-of-the-art methods our method uses a linear light source which is usually attached to line scanners for pixel-wise calibration. We define a radiant intensity function for a linear light...
This paper proposes a simple and effective criterion based on the switching rate of the output bit-stream of a delta-sigma modulator to estimate the performance and stability of the modulator. The switching rate and its relation to the NTF design are analyzed for both single and multi-bit delta-sigma modulators as well as lowpass and bandpass modulators. A calibration method is proposed using the...
We study the problem of building a sensor model for the purpose of simulation. Our work is motivated by the potential impact of realistic simulators on the development cycle of software for real robots. The case is made for building models from approximate state information, relieving the burden of ground truth. Unlike calibration, where the goal is to identify and remove error from a signal, our...
This paper presents GEMINI, an entire read-out System-on-Chip (SoC) to be used with the Triple Gas-Electron Multiplier (GEM) detector. Designed in CMOS 180 nm technology, GEMINI pushes towards the state-of-the-art for this peculiar detector front-end, as regards the count rate and detector pixel parasitic capacitance sustainability. It is composed of 16 channels, each performing a charge-to-voltage...
In this paper, two approaches to mitigating the impact of DAC mismatch on the performance of continuous-time Delta-Sigma modulators are presented. The first approach equals an optimized analog calibration which provides better robustness to disturbances of the calibration signal. The second approach, a new dynamic element matching technique labeled clock frequency modulation, modulates mismatch dependent...
Calibration models have been widely used for estimating product quality or other key variables with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), and it is important to select appropriate input variables (wavelengths) for building a highly accurate calibration model. A novel input variable selection method based on nearest correlation spectral clustering (NCSC), which is a correlation-based clustering method,...
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