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This paper deals with the design, manufacture and application of NC machine for cutting 2D intricate path of plane styrofoam. The cutter uses nickel wire heated by DC electric current. The X and Y axis is moved using open loop controlled stepper motor. The path that is cut is first was taken from picture, than changed the captured picture into line graph, and then programming the machine to follow...
The different of Ag-11Au-4.5Pd and Ag-11Au-4.5Pd-0.1Y alloy bonding wire mechanical properties, fusing current and structure were analyzed by strength tester, electronic conductivity tester, and scanning electron microscope. The effects of Y on Ag-11Au-4.5Pd and Ag-11Au-4.5Pd-0.1Y alloy bonding wire ball size, bonded micro phonology and bonded strength were investigated. The results show that the...
Many applications are limited by the performance of the motors that power them. In the small power range, slotless BLDC motors are commonly used due to their intrinsic high power density and smooth torque characteristic. However, recent work has shown that the power density of radial flux rotating motors could be significantly increased by replacing their windings, made of copper wire by windings...
Smart materials; for example shape memory alloy (SMA) is used as actuator because of change in its properties like shape; dimension; stiffness; impedance; strain; natural frequency; with an external stimulus. Moreover; using SMA material in actuators makes the design simple and compact; at the same time providing large strain. These fundamental characteristics make them increasingly essential for...
The effects of various parameters on the flip chip assembly with gold stud bumps are investigated. Silicon chips and submounts with Kelvin structures are fabricated as test vehicle. Gold stud bumping parameters are adjusted to obtain an optimal bump shape. The stud bump bonding strength is evaluated by ball shear tests. A thermosonic compression process, known as coining, is performed to reduce the...
In this paper, we present the design and fabrication of a bio-inspired caudal fin actuator for propulsion and maneuvering purposes in a fish-like robot. Shape memory alloy (SMA) composite actuator is customized to provide the necessary work out for the caudal fin. The pocket holes guide, electrical wiring and attachment pads for SMA actuators are all embedded in a single layer of cellulose acetate...
Design and fabrication of micro mechanical actuators is very useful for special robotic applications. One of the practical usages is continuum manipulators uses in medical applications such as endoscopy tool. In such applications, a maneuverable thin and flexible manipulator is highly required. In this paper, a basic module is studied for such an application. In the structure of module, three wires...
One of the major problems in utilizing origami structures is ensuring variable stiffness; a deployable structure needs to become stiff or flexible according to the requirements of its use in an application. In this study, we present a self-deploying tubular origami mechanism that switches between two distinctive states: small and flexible at its normal state and rigid and stiffened at a locked state...
This paper is concerned with the analysis of an actuation system for load positioning applications based on a pair of antagonistic shape memory alloy wires. In this system, the restoring force required to stretch a wire in martensitic phase can be actively controlled by modulating the power provided to its antagonistic element. For the generation of controlled repeatable motions, this is an undoubted...
In the study, the effects of Pd thickness on free air ball, wire elongation/strength on bonding strength and bonding interface of Pd coated copper wire bonding were discussed. It was found that the Pd thickness effects on free air ball, the free air ball will become golf ball when the Pd thickness is thin excessively, then the Pd thickness is not less than 0.47% to the wire diameter, and high tensile...
In robotic single-port surgery, it is desirable for a manipulator to exhibit the property of variable stiffness. Small-port incisions may require both high flexibility of the manipulator for safety purposes, as well as high structural stiffness for operational precision and high payload capability. This paper presents a new hyperredundant tubular manipulator with a variable neutral-line mechanisms...
This paper presents the challenges of time zero bond integrity for Palladium-coated Copper (Pd-Cu) wire bonding on C65 Aluminium (Al) bond pad low dielectric constant (low-k) wafer with Bond Over Active (BOA) pad structure. The LQFP-176 7.9mm×8.5mm, Rough micro Pre-Plated Frame (RµPPF) lead-frame design with the bonding temperature of 240°C on thin 1.45µm Al bond pad thickness test vehicle and 25µm...
The tensegrity structure is made of rigid bars and flexible wires, and can maintain its shape when the members of the structure are balanced. The tensegrity structure can be deformed by changing the lengths of its members. However, if each wire has one actuator, the number of actuators increase and the transforming mechanism becomes more complicated. In this paper, we suggest connecting wires to each...
Natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) is a surgery which is performed with an endoscope passed through natural orifice. This technique does not require external incisions on the body surface and has the advantage that the recovery of a patient is early. In such a case, it is necessary for an endoscope to have the flexibility to avoid damaging other body parts. Many flexible endoscopes...
In this paper, a first prototype of a multifunctional tactile sensor using ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs) is proposed, designed, and tested. Two IPMC strips are used, one as an actuator and one as a sensor, both positioned in a cantilever configuration; working together they enable the system to detect the presence of a material in contact with it and to measure its stiffness. These sensing...
Minimizing the area of a circuit is an important problem in the domain of Very Large Scale Integration. We use a theoretical VLSI model to reduce this problem to one of laying out a graph, where the transistors and wires of the circuit are identified with the vertices and edges of the graph. We give an algorithm that produces VLSI layouts for classes of graphs that have good separator theorems. We...
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