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Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) comprises a large number of tiny sensor nodes. These nodes are intelligent of sensing and monitoring the environmental or physical condition like temperature, sound, pressure, motion, etc. and communicating with other nodes. Sensor nodes in WSN have limited power and energy constraint hence it becomes necessary to efficiently use these resources. Energy consumption is...
Even after 16 years of existence, low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) protocol is still gaining the attention of the research community working in the area of wireless sensor network (WSN). This itself shows the importance of this protocol. Researchers have come up with various and diverse modifications of the LEACH protocol. Successors of LEACH protocol are now available from single...
Wireless sensor network consists of various nodes that are basically used for the calculation and transmission of the data. These nodes are battery powered due to which energy of a node plays a vital role. The amount of the energy used up by any node while the data is transmitted, it needs to be optimized so that the less amount of energy is consumed. The efficiency of the WSN depends on the numerous...
In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), efficient use of the nodes' available energy is the main goal which most of the routing protocols seek to achieve. In fact, clustering based routing protocols have gained vast approval due to its merit of less energy exhaustion. The expended energy by one cluster is divided into two main terms, namely, the expended energy in intra-cluster communication (Intra-term)...
A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is an experimental advance technology zigzag enables users to intertwine govern prole vigorous order of their geographical deliver thus stray then referred to as a tuning of fewer networks. A Hoop-la-hoc raucous is an adaptive, self-organizing tackle in mutable, ought to be accomplished to Hawks haw the publication of Dick successive apparatus zigzag pull off fundamental...
Wireless Sensor Network is a rising technology that guarantees ample amount of applications in various domains. The creations of WSNs completely rely on existence of various hardware and software and WSN developed with limited battery life. Many WSN routing protocols are designed so that it makes use of fewer resources and improve the performance and lifetime of network. Energy consumption is one...
Extended network lifetime and load balancing are important requirements for many WSN applications. There are many clustering routing schemes for homogeneous proactive and reactive WSNs but they suffer from the problem of uneven load distribution and back transmission. This paper presents an energy efficient load balanced clustering scheme with away cluster head (ACH) scheme and free association mechanism...
Due to lack of power source, energy is the key concern area in Wireless Sensor Networks. Maximum energy is used in transmission of data. Many research works have been done to develop routing algorithms to increase the lifetime of a sensor network. Among them clustering based approach is well known for achieving energy efficiency. This paper proposes a new routing strategy based on hierarchical routing...
Wireless Sensor Network is a new self-organization and multi-hop network which deploys a lot of nodes which communicating with each other wirelessly, so the design of a appropriate routing protocol for wireless sensor networks is essential. In this script, the performances of many classical route strategies are introduced and analyzed. In order to test the performance of LEACH and LEACH-C algorithm,...
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) performs energy extensive tasks and it is essential to rotate sensor nodes frequently so that Cluster Head selections can be made efficiently. In this paper, we aim to improve the lifetime of sensor network by using LEACH based protocols and efficiently utilizing the limited energy available in these sensor nodes. In sensor network, the amount of data delivered at the...
Advancement in wireless sensor network gives scope of research in the field of designing routing protocol. In this paper evolution of routing protocol is described with its important classification for wireless sensor network. Energy efficient and reliability are two most important factors while designing the routing protocol. Here survey of different classification of routing protocol is done with...
Wireless sensor networks(WSN) deploy a large number of sensor nodes in the monitoring region, collecting information which is sent to the target users by wireless means after simple treatment. As the wireless sensor nodes are usually deployed in inaccessible or high-risk areas and are in large numbers, replacing batteries becomes very difficult. The nodes are usually one-time battery-powered so there...
This paper proposes a simple Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)-based water level and water quality monitoring system for fish ponds. The proposed architecture uses RGB color sensors and provides a low cost and real-time monitoring system to grow healthy fish and avoid anomalies such as overflow or low water level and the death or disease of fishes for unhealthy water (e.g., rise of acid level due to the...
In wireless sensor network, all nodes are energy constrained and designing an energy efficient routing protocol is very important. Clustering routing protocol is a kind of energy efficient routing, while using a virtual backbone to organize the nodes and perform an efficient routing is also a feasible way.
Recently many Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)-based agriculture monitoring systems have been implemented mostly for developed countries. WSN in these monitoring systems uses tree topology and multi-hop dynamic flooding routing protocol that are not energy efficient and has a single point of failure. Though some protocols use zone-based routing they consider that a large number of sensors are deployed...
The use of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is anticipated to bring lot of changes in data gathering, processing and dissemination for different environments and applications. Energy consumption is the most crucial design issue in WSN. In order to solve the issue and prolong the network lifetime, energy resources of each node in WSN need to be effectively managed. With respect to energy efficiency,...
Cluster-based routing protocol is always a hot research area in wireless sensor networks. Classical LEACH protocol has many advantages in energy efficiency, data aggregation and so on, so it is widely used until now. In this paper, based on the LEACH protocol, we propose a new distance-based clustering routing protocol, LEACH-SC (LEACH-selective cluster). In LEACH-SC, a new method is used to choose...
Integration of sensors, embedded operating systems, wireless networking technology, wireless sensor networks, is a new information gathering and processing technologies, in environmental monitoring has a very good application and advantages. This paper introduced a method model based on ZigBee-technology. Depending on specific situation in environment, LEACH communication protocol was chosen. The...
In many typical wireless sensor networks, the nodes are fixed, where cluster based protocols like LEACH were suitable for routing. However, it is another story when the nodes are mobile. This paper proposes a novel routing protocol supporting node mobility called “2L-LEACH-M”, it divides the nodes into two levels: level 1 (cluster-head level) or level 0 (member level), which makes mobile nodes find...
Wireless sensor network is composed of hundreds of sensor nodes involving in limited energy, efficient and low-energy consuming routing algorithm is the crucial problem to the routing design. In this paper, the LEACH protocol, which is a typical clustering routing protocol, has been researched and improved based on energy, the new algorithm is different from the LEACH in the method of determining...
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