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In this paper, a broadband rectenna, for ambient RF energy harvesting applications, is presented. It is composed of a broadband spiral antenna with its balun, optimized to cover the principal frequency bands where there is RF energy to harvest (GSM900, GSM1800, UMTS2100 and WIFI). This antenna will be associated, in a first step, with a dual-band rectifier (GSM900-GSM1800) to do a complete rectenna...
This paper investigates the performance of an automotive RKE (Remote Keyless Entry) system under the influence of RF interference, injected by the Bulk Current Injection (BCI) test technique. Measurements indicate a severe degradation of performance in the 15 MHz–30 MHz frequency band where RF current injection level is set at 106 dBμA. Injection at these frequencies leads to failure in correct operation...
A 2.4 GHz 365nW wake-up receiver (WuRX) with RF envelope detection using rectifier-antenna co-design for passive voltage gain and RF filtering is presented. The RF frequency-tunable WuRX uses a programmable 32-bit OOK wake-up signature, achieving sensitivity of −61.5dBm for 2.5 kb/s without any off-chip matching components between IC and antenna. RF filtering in the high-Q rectifier-antenna interface...
In our daily life, some sensitive cargos (e.g., refrigerators) are required to keep one right side up. If these items are turned upside down due to incorrect transportation or wrong storage, some unpredictable exception will happen, leading to potential economic loss. In this paper, we propose a lightweight system TagUP that uses RFID to detect the upside-down exception. By dynamically changing the...
This paper presents challenges in verifying the design of a space deployable VHF band orthogonal log-periodic dipole array (LPDA). Due to the construction nature of the antenna, operating frequency band, physical dimensions and 1g environment on ground there are a number of challenges in antenna RF measurements and verifications. These are discussed and presented in this paper.
This paper describes a novel method for the measurement of the frequency response of the indoor RF propagation channel utilizing an HP network analyzer. Preliminary measurements of the frequency response of the channel in the frequency bands 900–1000MHz and 1.6–1.8GHz are reported. These measurements determine the dependence of the rms excess delay time on the separation between the transmitting and...
The RADARSAT Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) antenna is a large (1.5m × 15m) slotted waveguide planar array operating at 5.3 GHz. The antenna comprises 32 slotted waveguide rows, and is mechanically divided into 4 panels to enable stowage during launch. Each waveguide row is fed by a 1-to-8 azimuth power dividing network (APDN). The 32 rows of the APDN are excited across the 1.5m dimension by the elevation...
As part of ONR's Integrated Topside (InTop) Program, in 2014 Northrop Grumman delivered a bi-static, active, electronic scanned array (AESA) system, capable of multifunction, simultaneous transmit and receive operation. The system is wide band, transmits high power and has high receive sensitivity. Further, there are simultaneous transmit and receive modes required, in which the transmit AESA radiates...
This paper briefly reports several simple and cheap devices and accompanying experiments designed for metamaterial education, both in engineering and physics university courses. These in-front-of-class experiments explain basic physical phenomena in metamaterials in clear and intuitive way. They have been used at University of Zagreb for last ten years and students' feedback has been very good. Similar...
In this paper, a simulated and measured results of a broadband monopole antenna is presented. The proposed design will be used in the RF power scavenger application of the 2016 IEEE AP-S Student Design Contest. The antenna has a −6-dB impedance bandwidth from 930 MHz up to 2420 MHz and omnidirectional radiation pattern in the horizontal plane. The simulated and measured results indicate that the antenna...
Recently, one of issues in IEC CISPR SC A is the standardization of measurement method for radiated emission below 30 MHz. Ad-hoc group 1 of CISPR SC A/WG1 is dealing with the method of antenna calibration and test site validation. This paper presents an alternative method for calibration of the monopole and loop antennas in GTEM cell that are used for EMC testing on the frequencies below 30 MHz....
The response of personal exposimeters (PEMs) is studied under diffuse field exposure in indoor environments. A numerical model and a setup for on-body calibration measurements in a reverberation chamber (RC) is proposed for 897–5500 MHz. The proposed numerical simulations are in good agreement with measurements. A difference around 2 dB between their 50% prediction intervals is observed.
To give a true measurement of an antennas performance phase stable measurements between the channels of a multi-channel antenna are a necessity. It is well understood that the mechanical movement of Radio Frequency (RF) cables alters the magnitude and phase of the signal. This paper presents measurements taken on a moving positioner in an anechoic chamber to assess best practice on how to measure...
This paper presents RF power density measurements carried out at an automobile manufacturing plant in the UK. This measurement campaign was carried out in order to quantify the amount of ambient RF power available within the plant. Due to the location of the plant, low power density measurements were recorded in the base-station downlink. The dominant frequencies at the plant were GSM-1800 and 3G...
In this paper, the results of outdoor RF spectral survey carried out in an urban area in Southern China are presented. The motivation of this work has been an attempt to record the dataset of ambient RF power radiated by the mobile base stations and Wi-Fi hotspots in the urban environment so as to select the frequency bands most suitable for the future ambient energy harvesting prototype design. RF...
Shielding effectiveness is a term that defines the electromagnetic shielding property of a material. The demand of using wireless technologies and higher frequencies in new devices also bring the need to shield the unwanted electromagnetic fields. Therefore determining the shielding effectiveness of materials becomes an important concept. In this study a compact, low-cost RF anechoic box system for...
This paper presents a study for modelizing a Near Field Communication (NFC) technology integrated in a mobile device. It also proposes a simulation environment to perform NFC certification tests in reader-writer mode with the EMVCo (Europay Mastercard Visa Contactless) reference PICC (Proximity Integrated Circuit Card) called EMV-TEST PICC. This study is divided in 2 main parts. The first part is...
The evolution of wireless communications requires the development of long-life or sustainable power sources. One method currently receiving increasing attention in current literature, compared to other energy solutions, is the application of Radio-frequency (RF) energy as an alternative energy source for low-power devices. The presence of various wireless services makes a challenge to this technology...
This paper presents the measured sensitivity of CSIRO's first Mk. II phased array feed (PAF) on an ASKAP antenna. The Mk. II achieves a minimum system-temperature-over-efficiency Tsys/η of 78 K at 1.23 GHz and is 95 K or better from 835 MHz to 1.8 GHz. This PAF was designed for the Australian SKA Pathfinder telescope to demonstrate fast astronomical surveys with a wide field of view for the Square...
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