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This paper deals with a model-based approach to stabilize the engine speed around a defined value. The engine speed is modeled as a non-linear model containing explicitly the expression of the fuel conversion efficiency. Generally speaking, in literature, the modeling of this quantity obtained from experiments has two main expressions defined as polynomial or exponential forms. This paper focuses...
To vanquish the ever increasing demand of energy and trounce the carbon dioxide emission; the human race is looking towards the renewables and nuclear energy as the plausible sources. During the past few years the general public consensus about the later have taken a negative turn; attributed to the Fukushima nuclear disaster. To counter this nuclear unit designers have proposed the idea of Accident...
Islands and rural areas can decrease their cost of energy by exploiting renewable energy as compared to diesel-only generation. Operation of such isolated micro-grids requires allocation of units for grid stability. Depending on the control strategy employed, the fluctuating renewable production leads to more stressed loading conditions of diesel generators. We propose a control strategy employing...
Firstly, the theoretical model of polystyrene external thermal insulation material fires under conditions of window fire was put forward, the equations that calculate the important characteristic parameters of these fires such as the spread height, spread rate and ignition time were derived, and the relevant analyses were preliminarily made. Secondly, on the basis of theoretical analyses, the medium...
Based on the Matlab/Simulink simulation models, This research focused on the application of Pontryagin's Minimum Principle in the energy management design of plug-in hybrid electric bus. This paper offers brief introduction of Minimum Principle, definition of specific problem, realization of this principle in Matlab environment and the final comparison of the fuel cost among Minimum Principle-based...
To achieve the planetary safe landing, the ability of evaluating new landing sites, redesigning trajectory and maneuvering to a new and safe site must be ensured while hazards are detected in the nominal landing site. This paper investigates the hazard avoidance scheme employing the three-dimensional optimal zero-effect-miss/zero-effect-velocity feedback guidance algorithm for its robustness and easy...
This paper explores the impact ground delay can have on designing and executing rendezvous operations such as formation flight. For a given formation pairing the route is fixed, speed policies are then generated to compensate for uncertainty in take-off times. Value Iteration is used to solve both the deterministic and stochastic Dynamic Programming problem for an entire state-space. The final optimal...
An effective method is proposed to formulate and solve a fuel-optimal control problem of satellite formation maneuver using continuous low thrusters. To ensure long-term flying formation and to save fuel practically possible, the final satellite formation is designed as the passive and periodic relative orbits accommodating the J2 perturbation. Based on the conditions of the passive and periodic relative...
This paper studies the problem of observer-based control of space vehicles with fuel slosh dynamics in a zero gravity environment. Multi-mass-spring models are considered for the characterization of the most prominent sloshing modes. The control objective is to control the translational velocity vector and the attitude of the spacecraft, while attenuating the sloshing modes. A full-state feedback...
Combustion phasing and work output are the two critical indicators for achieving and maintaining homogeneous combustion for homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines. However, the complicated thermodynamic process keeps the combustion phasing model from being explicit. The current models for CA50 (crank angle when 50% fuel consumed) requires information that is hardly available for commercial...
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engines have the advantage of low Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) and soot emissions. In HCCI engines, a lean premixed air-fuel mixture is compressed until the temperature is high enough for combustion to occur. HCCI engines have a limited operating range and are limited by knock at high loads and misfire at low loads. They are without a direct source to initiate...
This paper studies the minimum-fuel rendezvous problem subject to collision avoidance constraint. A new spacecraft rendezvous model is established. Based on this model, a state-constrained optimal control problem is formulated. A smoothed exact penalty function method is used to transform the constrained optimal control problem into a sequence of approximate unconstrained optimization problems. It...
This paper presents a planning approach using Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) modeled as a Subsumption Architecture to generate plans for driving trains. The main idea of a planning strategy is to generate a sequence of actions for an agent, which can use these actions to change its environment. CBR allows using prior experiences for new task assignments. In the proposed ap-proach, each previous experience...
In this paper an Economic Emission Dispatch (EED) problem is proposed to investigate the emission control. The current energy consumption is weighing heavily on fossil fuels which account for about 70–90% of total energy used. These fossil fuels produce harmful gaseous emissions such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) which cause hazardous effects in the atmosphere...
Economic load dispatch means that the generator's real and reactive powers are allowed to vary with in certain limit so as to meet a particular load demand with minimum fuel cost. In this paper a Multi -Objective Economic Emission Load Dispatch problem is solved to minimize the emission of nitrogen oxides(NOx), oxides of other fuels that release during generation of electricity and fuel cost considering...
With an increase in environmental considerations over the years, it has become extremely significant to reduce the emission levels in all areas of technology. Likewise, the problem of Unit Commitment (UC), which has always been thought of as a problem to reduce generation cost also involves an added objective of reducing emission levels. This paper presents a new methodology to solve this multi-objective...
This paper solves the Economic Dispatch (ED) problem using MATLAB, Power World Simulator (PWS) and RSCAD, the software environment of the Real Time Digital Simulator (RTDS). The solution for the real power of the generator is computed in all the three types of software environments for the criterion minimization of the operational (fuel) cost. Lagrange's and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithms...
In this study, our goal is to develop an algorithm for selecting most appropriate attributes of CAN (Controller Area Network) bus data in association with Uphill/Downhill road detection problem. In turn, drivers are made aware of Uphill/Downhill situations on steering wheel. In a sense, drivers are enabled to have optimal driving performance for roads at different slopes. Initially, the system collects...
This paper studies the design and optimal operation of a grid-connected Micro-Grid. First, different feasible planning schemes has been generated with consideration of uncertainties. In the next step, in order to analyze uncertainty, risk exposure, robustness and flexibility indices have been presented. Also, in order to rank planning schemes, technical, economical and environmental criteria have...
This paper investigates some fundamental relationships for the optimal choice of operating points of ICEs in large series hybrids. It approaches the fuel minimization problem under the assumption that the engine cannot be switched off. The analysis focuses on the two operating point case with linear and quadratic break specific fuel consumption (bsfc) dependencies. Generalizations of these results...
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