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Recent advancement in wireless communications and electronics has enabled the development of low-cost sensor networks. The sensor networks can be used for various application areas (e.g., health, military, home). Wireless sensor networks consist of small nodes with sensing, computation, and wireless communications capabilities. Many routing, power management, and data dissemination protocols have...
Traditional routing protocols such as LEACH, PEGASIS, TEEN etc. are no longer appropriate for the Energy Harvesting-Wireless Sensing element Networks (EH-WSN). Requirement is that WSN must have low energy consumption. Machine Learning algorithms can be used for minimizing energy consumption. Thus our main objective is to develop machine learning based routing protocol, which is having energy harvested...
Forest is one of the most valuable and indispensible natural resource. The forest fire is one of the natural disasters that destroy the forest not only in India but countries like Australia, USA etc which is called as bush fire, wild fire respectively. Now in terms of deploying Wireless Sensor Networks for forest fire monitoring and detection, there is a need to investigate appropriate routing protocol...
Wireless Sensor Network is a rising technology that guarantees ample amount of applications in various domains. The creations of WSNs completely rely on existence of various hardware and software and WSN developed with limited battery life. Many WSN routing protocols are designed so that it makes use of fewer resources and improve the performance and lifetime of network. Energy consumption is one...
Wireless Sensor Network is utilized as a part of numerous applications like defense application, surrounding observing, traffic, security, modern detecting, smart homes, computing framework security, etc. In each utilization of wireless sensor network energy is the scare assets of nodes. It drains more energy in transmissions and processing. For the purpose of conserving node's energy round robin...
There is advantage of fixed physical location for airfield lighting in airport lamp monitoring using WSN, but some lamps location is irregular, which caused large consumption of the cluster head nodes in this logic region, early death, the formation of voids during transmission, and these voids undermined the entire wireless sensor networks energy balance, reduced the WSN lifetime. To solve these...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) comprise of large number of sensor nodes, which sense and measure various physical phenomena related parameters and transmit the measured data towards the base station by making use of the neighbouring nodes acting as relay nodes. In order to extend the lifetime of a WSN application, it is necessary to distribute the energy dissipated among the nodes evenly in the network...
Wireless Sensor Network is an infrastructure less network consisting of small, lightweight, low power, and inexpensive wireless sensor nodes which gather and propagate the environmental data. Different routing protocols have been proposed for wireless sensor networks for efficient routing. Each protocol has its own way of routing which vary from each other in terms of the parameters selected or the...
This paper proposed a EELP (Energy Efficient LEACH Protocol) routing protocol based on LEACH. LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) is seminal work in the area of clustering-based protocol, proposed by W.B. Heinzelman. In EELP, all nodes are organized sequentially in the rooms of the apartments of a multi-story building. In this protocol, cluster head (CH) selection is determined as the...
The limited energy resources of sensor nodes pose challenging issues on the development of protocols for WSN. Introducing clustering into hierarchical protocol reduces number of transmission in the network to reduce their energy deception, then to maximize network lifetime. But the LEACH case is not really reliable in the case of real-time traffic because real-time applications are characterized by...
Recently, special types of routing protocols are designed for sensor networks. Almost all of these routing protocols have considered the energy efficiency as the ultimate objective in order to maximize the lifetime of the whole network. The different types of routing protocols available in WSN are data centric, hierarchical, and location-based and on demand routing protocols. Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering...
Wireless sensor networks for existing energy consumption of each node in the uneven defect, combined with PEGASIS protocol, the first choice from the cluster, cluster formation, cluster routing and other aspects of LEACH protocol has been improved. Through theoretical analysis and simulation experiments to verify the performance of the protocol, and compared with the LEACH protocol. The results show...
The use of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is anticipated to bring lot of changes in data gathering, processing and dissemination for different environments and applications. Energy consumption is the most crucial design issue in WSN. In order to solve the issue and prolong the network lifetime, energy resources of each node in WSN need to be effectively managed. With respect to energy efficiency,...
Energy Efficient Routing is a crucial issue in Wireless sensor networks (WSNs). This paper proposes a novel algorithm, Parametric Protocol for Energy Efficient Cluster Head Selection (PPEECS) in WSN, which consists of two phases; Region formation phase and Cluster Head (CH) selection phase. In prior phase we divide the network into several regions depending upon node density distribution. The later...
LEACH is a popular hierarchical routing protocol which efficiently maintains the energy storage of nodes in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). The nodes using LEACH are divided into clusters. The randomized rotation of cluster head in each cluster can save the energy consumption of nodes. However, the random election of cluster heads without considering nodes' residual energy may reduce and oscillate...
We propose a novel clustered routing approach with the separation of path findings from data transfer in wireless sensor networks. The proposed protocol differs the traditional clustered routing in the following aspects: global communication adopts multi-hop mode, cluster heads are only responsible for path findings, and data are transmitted by gateways. The principal advantage of the proposed routing...
There are many routing protocols and algorithms developed for data transmission in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). The main objective of this paper is an increasing of performance and reduction of energy dissipation in WSN. In this paper, the Bacterial Evolutionary Algorithm (BEA) or Bacteriologic Algorithm (BA) is selected to compare performance with Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Low Energy Adaptive...
Wireless sensor networks (WSN) have been considered as a promising method for reliably monitoring both civil and military environments under hazardous or dangerous conditions. Due to such environments, the power supplies for sensors in the network are not usually rechargeable or replaceable. Therefore, the energy efficiency is critical for the lifetime and cost of WSN. Numerous mechanisms have been...
PEGASIS, a chain-based protocol, forms chains from sensor nodes so that each node transmits and receives from a neighbor. In this way, only one node (known as a HEAD) is selected from that chain to transmit to the sink. Although PEGASIS is able to balance the workload among all of the nodes by selecting the HEAD node in turn, a considerable amount of energy may be wasted when nodes which are far away...
Power consumption is the main challenges of expanding the network, since the active nodes are more vulnerable to energy consumption. This paper proposes the tasks scheduling and distribution energy management mechanism of roles dormant cells (SRDC) to curb excessive consumption of energy consumed in the performance of duplicates task and unhelpful. Experimental results verify that the proposed of...
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