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This paper presents new indexing and mutation operators, in the context of bottom-up hierarchical multi-objective optimization of radio frequency integrated circuits, for pre-optimized sets of solutions from the hierarchical sub-levels when moving up in hierarchy. Two ideas, one based on a Voronoi decomposition and another based on the nearest neighborhood, are explored, where, and unlike previous...
The use of electromagnetic simulations is crucial in radiofrequency and microwave circuits since accurate estimations of parasitics and performances are essential. In addition, design methodologies based on optimization algorithms have been used in order to design such circuits, while efficiently exploring its design trade-offs. However, due to the high computational cost, optimization-based methodologies...
This paper presents a methodology to design voltage controlled oscillators. The usefulness of the design proposal is shown by designing a LC oscillator in a 130nm CMOS technology, intended for Bluetooth/Zigbee applications. From simulations results, when temperature varies from 0 to 100°C, power consumption ranging from 3.1mW to 3.81mW is achieved. At 3.4mW of power consumption, a phase noise of −119...
This paper reports the first LC voltage-controlled oscillator (LC-VCO) in CMOS utilizing a novel nontraditional compact inductor with integrated vertical nano particles magnetic core (Ni–Zn–Cu) to improve the figure-of-merit (FOM) of the VCO circuit. The new magnetic-enhanced inductor, fabricated in an integrated-circuit back-end using a CMOS-compatible process, improves inductance density (-density)...
Spiral Inductors suffer from complex loss mechanism in the metal and substrate and consume large chip area making them difficult to characterize and expensive to implement. The performance of on chip spiral inductors is a limiting factor. The spiral inductor design space is complex and innovative optimization and synthesis techniques are required to maximize performance. Numerous analog circuits such...
As CMOS scales down and sees is cost per mm2 increasing, area-aware RF design solutions are called for. Integrated inductors with multiple taps allow for low-area multi-band RF circuit design. This work reports on the design of these inductors and provides modelling and extraction procedures demonstrated on 4-port measurements. Additionally, the application of such inductors is demonstrated on a low-area...
This work proposes an inductor-less programmable quadrature VCO which adopts a modified grounded active inductor with a PMOS resistor in the feedback path. The model of the active inductor using PMOS resistor feedback is also presented in this work, which is more accurate than the previous models by considering the effect of the parasitic capacitance in the feedback path. The programmable QVCO can...
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