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Efficient and reliable routing protocol is one of the key technologies in wireless sensor networks, and it has been concerned by a lot of researchers. In light of the random selection of cluster head in low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy protocol algorithm, the residual energy of nodes, node location and node density are not considered. Through theoretical deduction and mathematical calculation,...
Routing protocols are used in wireless sensor network (WSN) to transmit data to a centre (e.g. a base station). In this study, the authors propose a routing protocol called dynamic three-dimensional fuzzy routing based on traffic probability to enhance network lifetime and increase packet delivery ratio. It uses a fuzzy-based procedure to transmit packets by hop-to-hop delivery from source nodes toward...
In this paper, a communication load balanced dynamic topology management algorithm (CLB-AODV) is proposed to extend the wireless sensor network (WSN) lifetime via managing the participation in communication process among all nodes in the network. The idea is that, each time there is a failure in the network topology; the topology is adjusted only on-demand by choosing the best path according to paths...
Wireless Sensor Network is a rising technology that guarantees ample amount of applications in various domains. The creations of WSNs completely rely on existence of various hardware and software and WSN developed with limited battery life. Many WSN routing protocols are designed so that it makes use of fewer resources and improve the performance and lifetime of network. Energy consumption is one...
Opportunistic routing is considered a promising direction for improving the performance of wireless sensor networks (WSN). In opportunistic routing, the intermediate nodes collaborate on packet forwarding in order to achieve high throughput in the face of lossy links. That makes the next node selection process crucial. In this paper, we are presenting an opportunistic routing protocol for wireless...
Sensor networks are a sensing, computing and communication infrastructure that are able to observe and respond to phenomena in the natural environment and in our physical and cyber infrastructure. In this paper, we investigate how the sensor network performs in the case when three events move with special movement path. We compare the simulation results for three cases: stationary, random and simple...
Reliability and timeliness are two essential requirements of successful detection of critical events in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The base station (BS) is particularly interested about reliable and timely collection of data sent by the nodes close to the ongoing event, and at that time, the data sent by other nodes have little importance. In this paper, we propose Congestion and Delay Aware...
A sensible and foresighted planned routing protocol has a vital role to add life to the sensor network. Concentrated and iterative path routing, unbalanced load emphasizing, non-scalability property and frequent beacon exchange squeezes the life of stringent energy constraint Wireless Sensor Network. WSN is a special type of Adhoc network with energy, memory and processing constraint factors for sensing...
This paper considers a cluster-based wireless sensor network (WSN) where each sensor node takes turn to be cluster head. The main function of the cluster head is to oversee the communication within and between clusters while the remaining sensor nodes are involved in sensing of the surrounding environment. We address the sensor utilization problem where non-cluster head nodes in a cluster make decision...
Recent technological advancements in the field of nanotechnology have increased the computation power of the wireless nodes while adhering to the energy constraints. This has made the use of the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), more widespread, used in applications such as area monitoring, industrial monitoring, vehicle detection or military monitoring. Sensor nodes have made it possible to collect...
The use of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is anticipated to bring lot of changes in data gathering, processing and dissemination for different environments and applications. Energy consumption is the most crucial design issue in WSN. In order to solve the issue and prolong the network lifetime, energy resources of each node in WSN need to be effectively managed. With respect to energy efficiency,...
In WSN, sensors near the sink have to relay the data of the nodes away from the sink and as a result they drain their energy very quickly. It result in network partitioning and can significantly limit the network lifetime. This problem is termed as hotspot problem. Recently, formation of hot spot or energy hole near the sink has emerged as a critical issue for data gathering in WSN. In this paper,...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are applicable in vast range of applications and depending on the application the sink could be mobile or stationary. Sink mobility has been shown to improve network lifetimes [1], however mobile sink has to periodically update network about its changing position. This control traffic is non-negligible for low power, limited capacity sensors and induces energy consumption...
Wireless sensor networks have become one of the most tempting networking technologies since it can be deployed without the need of a communication infrastructure. In general, there are some major concerns with this technology. That is, sensor node should have a long lasting system lifetime. And the system should keep the livability of nodes in a received level during the using process. In such systems...
Data gathering is one of the most popular energy-efficient routing protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In this research, we introduce a Dynamic Balanced Spanning Tree (DBST) for data aggregation in WSNs which considers several criteria to balance the energy consumption between sensor nodes. A cost function is presented which can follow the conditions of network. It considers various factors...
In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), providing source-location privacy through secure routing is one of the most prosperous techniques. In this paper, we propose a routing technique to provide adequate source-location privacy with low energy consumption. We introduce this technique as the Sink Toroidal Region (STaR) routing. With this technique, the source node randomly selects an intermediate node...
As Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) expand their reach, their applications require lower energy consumption than those provided by current offerings. In this paper, a novel platform is introduced, which employs a reconfigurable device (CPLD) in order to enhance the processing power of typical sensor nodes and, more importantly, reduce the overall energy consumption in common tasks such as routing and...
Rumor routing is a routing protocol based on query for wireless sensor networks, which selects next hop randomly during establishing path and the path may not be optimal and may be loop. So this paper puts forward a novel rumor routing (NRR), which bases on ant colony optimization and can resolve the loop route that established by rumor routing, and has good convergence, comparing to rumor routing,...
WSNs are multihop networks, which depend on the intermediate nodes to relay the data packet to the destination. These nodes are equipped with lesser memory, limited battery power, little computation capability, small range of communication and need a secured and efficient routing path to forward the incoming packet. In this paper, we propose a secure cluster based multipath routing protocol (SCMRP)...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is an emerging field of engineering with various applications. They have emerged as a new class of large scale networks of embedded systems with limited communication, computation and energy resources. Recently adopted IEEE 802.15.4 standards for Low-rate Wireless Personal Area Network (LR-WPAN) are most extensively used communication platform for WSNs. Conventional...
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