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A primary purpose for the use of titanium in exhaust systems is weight reduction that improves both the vehicle performance and fuel efficiency. Although weight savings are attractive, the oxidation resistance and strength of commercially pure titanium at elevated temperatures limit its application to certain parts or vehicles. This paper discusses the improvement of high-temperature properties of...
Gamma TiAl alloys have attractive properties such as low density, high-temperature strength, and high modulus, oxidation, and burn resistance. As a result, these alloys have the potential to replace heavier superalloys in aircraft engine components. Gamma TiAl alloys were investigated in the 1950s but were too brittle for thermo-mechanical processing. However, interest in this class of material rekindled...
This investigation has shown that the strength of low-modulus metastable beta-titanium alloys can be increased by increasing their oxygen content and/or aging. Yield strength as high as 1,288 MPa along with reasonable ductility was obtained by aging Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta-0.7O at 482°C for 8 h. Strengthening of these alloys is discussed in terms of ω-and α-phase precipitates.
In 1899, an extremely well-preserved mummy from the sixth century A.D. was found at the well-known Chilean mining site, Chuquicamata. The mummy was determined to be a young indigenous miner who died in 550 A.D. ± 40 years. In the sixth century, the known technology used to produce copper metal from minerals must have been the reduction of copper oxides using charcoal with blown air. Minerals were...
The U.S. Marines’ and U.S. Army’s next-generation, titanium-intensive M777 howitzer offers reduced weight, increased mobility, and improved survivability over its aging, M198 steel-based predecessor. The National Center for Excellence in Metalworking Technology (NCEMT), operated by Concurrent Technologies Corporation, is helping to meet M777 program goals for cost, performance, and production schedule...
Understanding and controlling the eutectic solidification process in Al-Si alloys permits prediction of the formation of casting porosity, eventually leading to methods for its control and elimination. In addition, it enables control of eutectic structure, silicon morphology, and eutectic grain size to further improve the alloy properties. This paper presents the current understanding of eutectic...
Titanium alloys exhibit attractive mechanical properties but they are expensive. This paper reviews the current status of titanium powder metallurgy which offers near-net shape cost-effective approaches to the fabrication of components.
The Al-Ti-B grain refiners containing boride nucleant particles are used to promote a uniform microstructure throughout aluminum ingots and to suppress the growth of columnar grains. In addition, for the last eight years a new generation of Al-Ti-C grain refiners has been used commercially in a wide range of alloy systems. This paper will compare the potency of the commercially available Al-5Ti-1B...
Conclusion Gregg Maryniak of the X Prize Foundation believes the benefits of the contest will not end when Scaled Composites deposits its $10 million prize in the corporate account. “The reason we put this prize on the table was to ultimately lower the cost of access to space, which has huge societal benefits,” Maryniak said. “We’re surrounded by an ocean of resources that is literally unlimited.”...
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