Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce

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SOCRATES OF THE HUMANISTS

J Domanski

Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce > 2004 > 48 > 37-63

The name of Socrates that since the 13th century had appeared hundreds of times in the writings of medieval university scholastics most frequently carried no personal or doctrinal connotations, and was only a logical symbol, replacing the notion of a human individual. Socrates was also the subject of humanist rather than philosophical interests of such authors as Pierre Abelard or John of Salisbury...

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A WITCHCRAFT TRIAL IN MLOTKOWO VILLAGE IN 1692. A CONTRIBUTION TO THE HISTORY OF 17TH CENTURY WITCH-HUNT IN THE POLISH-LITHUANIAN COMMONWEALTH

J. Wijaczka

Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce > 2004 > 48 > 161-170

In early-modern times the persons accused of witchcraft were put to various ordeals that were to prove their guilt or innocence. In Western Europe the most widespread in early-modern times were the ordeals by water, fire, tears, weighing and pricking. In the 16th-17th century Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the most widespread ordeal was that by water, the so-called ducking of witches, which the people...

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THE THEATRE OF THE LUTHERAN SCHOOL AT LESZNO

K. Szymanska

Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce > 2004 > 48 > 171-182

In the 17th and 18th centuries the Lutheran School at Leszno had its own theatre. Each year it staged plays prepared under the direction of its rector or conrector. The article presents information on this theatre collected on the basis of twelve documented productions of the years 1671-1765, as well as very few other sources. The subjects of these plays did not diverge from the repertoire of other...

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ANTIPARACELSISM AND RADICAL REFORMATION. ERNST SONER (1573-1612) AND SOCINIANISM AT ALTDORF

R. Broer

Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce > 2004 > 48 > 117-147

The dissertation discusses the life and work of Ernst Soner (1573-1612), professor of natural philosophy and medicine at Altdorf. It is based on Soner's inauguration speech De Theophrasto Paracelso euisque perniciosa medicina (1605), and, used for its interpretation, his later publications, as well as Soner's recently discovered handwritten Socinian catechism. Soner, a covert heretic, educated by...

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THE PARLIAMENTARY DECREE OF 1543 AND THE BEGINNINGS OF WITCH-TRIALS IN POLAND

M. Ostling

Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce > 2005 > 49 > 93-103

Scholars have long held that the Polish witch-trials began, in part, as an un-intended consequence of the Polish parliamentary decree of 1543 regulating the jurisdictions of ecclesiastical and secular courts. That decree confirmed the church's traditional jurisdiction over all spiritual matters, including witchcraft and magic. However, because of a clause specifying that where witchcraft caused material...

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POLAND'S ATTITUDE TO THE LUTERANISATION OF PRUSSIA

J. Mallek

Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce > 2005 > 49 > 7-16

The Polish state adopted in principle a negative attitude to the development of the Reformation in Teutonic (later Ducal) Prussia during the rule of the Grand Master, later Duke of Prussia, Albrecht (1511-1568), though towards the end of Sigismund I the Old's reign, and in particular after Sigismund II Augustus ascended the throne, this attitude was greatly modified. Three stages can be distinguished...

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APPEALS IN THE POLISH WITCH-TRIALS IN THE 17TH AND 18TH CENTURIES

M. Pilaszek

Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce > 2005 > 49 > 111-135

Appeals in the Polish witch trials in the 17th and 18th centuries were most probably seldom lodged, and the available records allow us merely to point at their possible variants. The verdicts of higher courts, however, demonstrate that the Crown justice system tended to lower sentences and nullify torture warrants. The highest courts of appeal for witch trials in towns were the Court courts (especially...

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DUTCH REFORMED CHURCH IN 16TH AND 17TH CENTURIES. STRUCTURE - ORGANIZATION - PROBLEMS

K. Bem

Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce > 2005 > 49 > 63-92

The Dutch Reformed Church is quite correctly viewed as a unique ecclesiastical entity in the history of Europe. It was organized spontaneously after the Dutch Revolt in 1572 and since the very beginning it fought on a number of fronts. First of all, the Dutch Republic refused to establish the church by law, depriving the Calvinists availability of state pressure to assure conformity of belief and...

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PAYER WITH AN EMPTY COFFER: NEW DETAILS ABOUT OLBRYCHT KARMANOWSKI

K. Gajdka

Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce > 2005 > 49 > 167-180

Although only few works by Olbrycht Karmanowski have been preserved, he is considered one of the most interesting writers in early modern Poland. His masterpiece is a cycle of reflective 'Penitential Songs', which echo Jan Kochanowski's 'Psalms and Laments', and which are still willingly included in anthologies of the Polish Renaissance and Baroque literature. Karmanowski, thoroughly educated in the...

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THE PERIPHERY CHANCE FOR MODERNISATION. ITALIANS IN POLAND IN THE 17th-17th CENTURIES

A. Manikowski

Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce > 2006 > 50 > 205-217

The article is not so much a review as a dispute with the main assumption of Wojciech Tygielski, who maintains that by their work in Poland in the 16th and 17th centuries the Italian immigrants deprived the country of a chance for modernization and that the Italians' predominance in many professions was, in a way, conducive to the backwardness of the nobility in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth,...

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WHAT WERE ALL THESE EFFORTS AND MONEY FOR? LOOKING FOR THE REASONS BEHIND SENDING YOUTH FOR THE FOREIGN STUDIES IN THE SEVENTEENTH'S CENTURY POLAND

W. Tygielski

Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce > 2006 > 50 > 141-156

Studies in the foreign universities became popular among Polish gentry and nobility in the first half of the 16th c. Soon, they were treated as one of the necessary elements of the basic academic curriculum. However, during the 17th c. the foreign travels were no longer taken just out of purely academic reasons but became more experience and tourist oriented. In the 17th c., Polish nobility became...

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BOOKS, CENSORSHIP AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION IN THE PROTESTANT SYNOD MINUTES OF GREAT POLAND (1569–1632)

P. Buchwald-Pelcowa

Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce > 2006 > 50 > 115-130

The fourth volume of the 'Protestant Synod Minutes' (Akta Synodów Róznowierczych) edited by Maria Sipayllo deals with church matters of Great Poland in the years 1569-1632. In it we find numerous examples that the Czech Brethren dedicated much of their attention to books. The Brethren very often urged people to be 'diligent in reading' and advised which books were important to own. This is especially...

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THE RELIGIOUS TUMULT IN LUBLIN 1663

H. Gmiterek

Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce > 2006 > 50 > 157-168

The article discusses the events related to the anti-Protestant tumult, which took place on the February 4th, 1633 in the city of Lublin. This religious uproar started at the funeral of Jan Weigel, who was a member of the local Calvinist congregation. The tumult broke out when the Protestant mourners defended themselves against a violent attack by the local Jesuit college students, accompanied by...

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THE SOCIAL AND POLITICAL CULTURE OF SANDOMIERZ NOBILITY IN THE LIGHT OF TOMB INSCRIPTIONS

S. Grzybowski

Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce > 2006 > 50 > 75-88

The noblemen's democracy in the old Commonwealth created a specific political culture in which duties towards the state and the whole society were part of a system of custom patterns. These patterns can be studied on the basis of many 16th-18th century epitaphs of petty noblemen and provincial clergy from the palatinate of Sandomierz, groups which are weakly represented in other sources. Unlike the...

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TENTATIVE EVALUATION OF COUNTING SKILL OF INSPECTION COMMISSION FOR LITTLE POLAND

A. Wyczanski

Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce > 2006 > 50 > 61-73

Counting skill, in this case the Polish nobility's skill in the 16th century, has escaped the attention of historians of economy and culture, but disregard of this subject can call into question our analyses and evaluations of how the noblemen managed their affairs. The study below is based on an analysis of accounts, made by the first inspection in Little Poland, a document produced by a commission...

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ERASMUS' TROUBLES WITH HISTORY AND HOW HE OVERCAME THEM WITH THE HELP OF THE BIBLE

J. Domanski

Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce > 2006 > 50 > 11-27

History and philosophy differ from each other in their subject matter and in the way they communicate what each of them says about it. While history expresses itself most adequately by means of stories, narration; philosophy, by means of conceptual distinctions, definitions and syllogisms. This difference can be described by saying that philosophy deals with ontic existence while history is concerned...

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Poeta imitatore czy poeta facitore? Późnorenesansowe włoskie dyskusje o mimesis

Barbara Niebelska-Rajca

Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce > 2011 > 55

Poeta Imitatore or Poeta Facitore? Late Renaissance Italian Discussions about MimesisThe article presents the opposition to the imitative dimension of mimesis, one of the characteristic trends in Italian late Renaissance thought in literary theory. Examples of polemics against the traditional doctrine of mimesis (F. Patrizi i G. G. Cinzio), comments on Plato’s concept of fantastic mimesis (G. Mazzoni,...

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„Na wschód od Góry Chełmskiej”. Odpowiedź na recenzję Zygmunta Szultki

Maciej Ptaszyński

Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce > 2011 > 55

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Opatrzność i wróg. O Janie Zawickim i jego tragedii Jeftes

Jarosław Bedyniak

Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce > 2011 > 55

Providence and the Enemy. About Jan Zawicki and his Tragedy JeftesThe article is devoted to the tragedy Jeftes by Jan Zawicki, which is the translation of the drama Jephthtes, sive votum written in Latin by the Scottish humanist, George Buchanan. Jan Zawicki was a poet living at the end of XVI c. He was a student of the Cracow Academy and was expelled for many offences recorded in the Acta rectoraria...

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Z refleksji mariologicznej doby reformacji. Trzy nauki na dzień Nawiedzenia Maryi Panny: Rej - Wujek - Skarga

Marta M. Kacprzak

Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce > 2011 > 55

From the Mariological reflection of the Reformation Period. Three Teachings on the day of Visitation of the Virgin Mary: Rej - Wujek - SkargaThe article presents the interpretation of three sixteenth–century sermons on the celebration of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary: from Postylla by Mikołaj Rej (1556–1566), from Postilla katolickaj mniejszaj by Jakub Wujek (1579–1580) and from Żywoty święte...

INFONA - science communication portal

Odrodzenie i Reformacja w Polsce

SOCRATES OF THE HUMANISTS

A WITCHCRAFT TRIAL IN MLOTKOWO VILLAGE IN 1692. A CONTRIBUTION TO THE HISTORY OF 17TH CENTURY WITCH-HUNT IN THE POLISH-LITHUANIAN COMMONWEALTH

THE THEATRE OF THE LUTHERAN SCHOOL AT LESZNO

ANTIPARACELSISM AND RADICAL REFORMATION. ERNST SONER (1573-1612) AND SOCINIANISM AT ALTDORF

THE PARLIAMENTARY DECREE OF 1543 AND THE BEGINNINGS OF WITCH-TRIALS IN POLAND

POLAND'S ATTITUDE TO THE LUTERANISATION OF PRUSSIA

APPEALS IN THE POLISH WITCH-TRIALS IN THE 17TH AND 18TH CENTURIES

DUTCH REFORMED CHURCH IN 16TH AND 17TH CENTURIES. STRUCTURE - ORGANIZATION - PROBLEMS

PAYER WITH AN EMPTY COFFER: NEW DETAILS ABOUT OLBRYCHT KARMANOWSKI

THE PERIPHERY CHANCE FOR MODERNISATION. ITALIANS IN POLAND IN THE 17th-17th CENTURIES

WHAT WERE ALL THESE EFFORTS AND MONEY FOR? LOOKING FOR THE REASONS BEHIND SENDING YOUTH FOR THE FOREIGN STUDIES IN THE SEVENTEENTH'S CENTURY POLAND

BOOKS, CENSORSHIP AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION IN THE PROTESTANT SYNOD MINUTES OF GREAT POLAND (1569–1632)

THE RELIGIOUS TUMULT IN LUBLIN 1663

THE SOCIAL AND POLITICAL CULTURE OF SANDOMIERZ NOBILITY IN THE LIGHT OF TOMB INSCRIPTIONS

TENTATIVE EVALUATION OF COUNTING SKILL OF INSPECTION COMMISSION FOR LITTLE POLAND

ERASMUS' TROUBLES WITH HISTORY AND HOW HE OVERCAME THEM WITH THE HELP OF THE BIBLE

Poeta imitatore czy poeta facitore? Późnorenesansowe włoskie dyskusje o mimesis

„Na wschód od Góry Chełmskiej”. Odpowiedź na recenzję Zygmunta Szultki

Opatrzność i wróg. O Janie Zawickim i jego tragedii Jeftes

Z refleksji mariologicznej doby reformacji. Trzy nauki na dzień Nawiedzenia Maryi Panny: Rej - Wujek - Skarga

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