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This work reports the performance of combined a-Si solar PV/T (Photovoltaic/Thermal) system that working with Bio-diesel distillation process. Electricity produced from a-Si PV modules was supplied for electrical equipments such as circulation propellers and circulation pumps of distillation system.
We have demonstrated growth of a TCO/CdS/CdTe thin film multi-layer structure on a tubular geometry borosilicate glass substrate. The tubular geometry presents many advantages which are discussed in the paper. The TCO was deposited on the inner walls of the glass tube using vapour deposition. Solution deposition of CdS was followed by electrodeposition of CdTe. The layers have been characterized by...
This paper addresses the issue of the reliability of modules using ultra-thin crystalline silicon cells. Do thin cells have a greater likelihood of cracking during production, transport, installation or use and if so does this result in long term degradation of the power? The present qualification test sequence, IEC 61215 does not adequately address this issue, The only mechanical test in IEC 61215...
Very thin intrinsic amorphous silicon films (≪10 nm) are used for passivation studies of crystalline silicon. In this paper, a-Si:H layers are subjected to a variety of post-treatments. A hydrogen plasma treatment crystallizes the thin film almost instantaneously, significantly reducing the effective lifetime. Anneals in different atmospheres typically show similar results, which are highly dependent...
Back-contact crystalline-silicon photovoltaic solar cells and modules offer a number of advantages including the elimination of grid shadowing losses, reduced cost by use of thinner silicon substrates, simpler module assembly, and improved aesthetics. While the existing method for interconnecting and stringing edge-connected back contact cells is acceptably straight-forward and reliable, there are...
The effect of sulfization temperature on Ga through-film uniformity in a 2-reaction H2Se/H2S precursor process for Cu(InGa)(SeS)2 was studied. Cu0.8Ga0.2/In bi-layer precursors were prepared by sputter deposition. The precursors were then partially selenized at 450 °C, followed by sulfization at temperatures ranging from 450 to 550 °C. The observed threshold temperature for Ga homogenization during...
The stability of monolithically integrated copper (indium, gallium) (selenium, sulfur) (CIGS) based thin film solar cells on glass were evaluated as a function of highly accelerated stress testing. Mini-modules exposed to high humidity (85°C and 85% RH) had a dominant failure mechanism involving increased resistance in the ZnO:Al transparent conducting oxide. Under Dry heat (85°C and 0% RH) performance...
JX Crystals' 3-sun PV mirror modules have now been operating in four separate systems in the field for up to 2 years. Two post-mounted 2-axis tracking arrays of 12 modules each were installed at the Shanghai Flower Park in April of 2006. Then 672 modules were installed in a 100 kW array on N-S horizontal beam trackers at the Shanghai Flower Port in November of 2006. Finally, sets of 4 modules were...
Concentrating photovoltaic systems (CPV) utilize low cost optical elements such as Fresnel lens or mini-reflecting mirrors to concentrate the solar intensity to 200 to 1000 suns. The concentrated solar energy is delivered to the solar cell at up to 20 to 100 W/cm2. A portion of the energy is converted to electricity, while the portion that is not converted to electricity must be dissipated as waste...
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