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This paper gives the State Space modeling of Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator (D-STATCOM). It is important to keep the voltage constant in the distribution system, hence voltage regulation is required in the distribution network. Voltage Source Converter (VSC) based D-STATCOM achieves voltage regulation in the connected bus by absorbing/supplying the required reactive power. The capability...
The distribution network can undergo outages, during which the supply of power is either partially or completely isolated from distribution network to the load centres. To achieve minimum deficit of power supply, proper switching of power lines is required. The power flow path identification in the network is the complicated task of the distribution operators. Based on the survey the papers published...
A metal hydride (MH) actuator provides mechanical work by applying the hydrogen pressure transition that originates from the reversible reaction of the MH alloy as it absorbs and desorbs hydrogen gas. The MH actuators that have been reported employ a Peltier element or an electrical heating resistance wire as a heat source. This paper describes the design of an MH actuator that is driven by low-quality...
This paper presents a critical study of modulation strategies for three level Diode Clamped Voltage Source Inverter (DCVSI) for grid connected wind turbine. The survey is carried out on two types of modulation techniques popularly used in three level DCVSI, viz. Sinusoidal PWM and Space vector PWM. Purpose of the survey is to critically analyze and identify the problems associated with existing DCVSI...
This paper presents the hardware design and implementation of a system that ensures a perpendicular profile of the solar panel with the sun in order to extract maximum energy falling on it. Renewable energy is rapidly gaining importance as an energy resource as fossil fuel prices fluctuate. The unique feature of the proposed system is that instead of taking the earth as its reference, it takes the...
Solar energy is a green energy which is not only perennial but also accessible to every strata of the world. An easy way to convert solar energy into electric energy is to use Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) system. Solar panel is a power source having nonlinear internal resistance. As the intensity of light falling on the panel varies, its voltage as well as its internal resistance varies. To extract maximum...
This paper presents a unique step-by-step procedure for the simulation of photovoltaic modules with Matlab/ Simulink. One-diode equivalent circuit is employed in order to investigate I-V and P-V characteristics of a typical 36 W solar module. The proposed model is designed with a user-friendly icons and a dialog box like Simulink block libraries.
Parabolic trough concentrators (PTC) are special kind of heat exchangers formed of parabolic curved mirrors that focuses the direct/beam radiation from the sun onto a heat collection element that runs through the focal line of the concentrator. The PTC has to be oriented in one of the existing tracking modes to track the beam radiation. The focused radiant energy from the sun is absorbed through the...
This paper deals with the design, simulation and experimentation of a simple but efficient Photovoltaic system. It provides theoretical and experimental studies of Photovoltaic array consist of 36 cells, which provide a maximum power to the load at Maximum Power Point. However, Photovoltaic generators exhibit nonlinear I-V characteristics and Maximum Power Point that vary with solar insolation. An...
The study deals with an innovative system achieving an alternative source of energy supply from photovoltaic energy system which operates in case of utility power failure and provides continuity of supply even in medical appliances or industrial applications. It is also designed to reduce usage of utility supply which is generated from coals, nuclear having more carbons as outlets, lagging of sources...
The performance of twin-armature rotary-linear induction motor is presented in this paper. The stator consists of a rotary armature and linear armature placed aside one another. Both armatures have a common rotor which consists of solid iron cylinder covered with a thin copper layer. The rotor can move with helical motion. A 3-D space FEM is used to determine the magnetic field, axial force, and torque...
This paper proposed a new approach to control speed of linear brushless DC motor. This paper provides an overview of performance dependant particle swarm optimization (PDPSO) and presenting it as an alternative to evolutionary algorithm. Performance Dependent Particle swarm optimization is used to determine optimal gains of proportional-derivative-integral controller (PID). To obtain optimal solutions,...
Switched reluctance machines have emerged as an important technology to be deployed in automotive electric drives; they represent a real alternative to conventional electrical machines in automotives. This paper reviews the technology status and trends in switched reluctance machines. It covers the various aspects of modeling, design, simulation, analysis, and control. Finally, it discusses the impact...
A fuzzy control scheme and adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system for torque-ripple minimization of switched reluctance machines is presented. The fuzzy parameters are initially chosen randomly and then adjusted to optimize the control. The controller produces smooth torque up to the motor base speed. The torque is generated over the maximum positive torque-producing region of a phase. This increases...
Control strategies developed for Permanent Magnet synchronous motor do not explicitly consider the dynamics of the system. Considering a dynamic model of the PM machine allows powerful control-theoretic techniques such as, linearization to be applied to the system. Existing feedback linearization techniques suffer from the limitations of singularity. In this paper, input and state transformations...
In today's world various factors such as, rising fossil fuel cost, slow regeneration of renewable energy sources and several environmental concerns have stimulated the trend of electrical vehicle. Unlike conventional drive system, torque as well as the power and speed can be directly supplied to the tyre using a Hub motor. This arrangement eliminates the gear and need for mechanical differentials...
This paper presents Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) based design optimization of Switched Reluctance Machine (SRM). The SRM design is formulated as multiobjective constrained optimization problem. The objective functions for obtaining desired design are maximization of average torque and minimization of torque ripple with stator and rotor pole arc as design variables. The optimization procedure...
Accurate assessment of excitation forces and vibration behavior is essential to arrive at a suitable design of an electrical machine. From the vibration point of view, the stator of an electrical machine can be modeled as a system consisting of a number of masses interconnected by springs and damping elements to facilitate the analytical solution of the dynamic behavior of the structure. The authors...
The electric power system is an enabling infrastructure that supports the operation of other critical infrastructures and thus the economic well being of the nation. It is therefore very important to design a smart grid for resiliency and autonomous re-configurability in the electric power grid. For the operation of any power system, its control architecture consisting of hardware and software protocols...
This paper presents an efficient implementation scheme for the closed-loop voltage control of an induction motor incorporating `Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM)'. Voltage control is required to meet the variation in the input voltage and to regulate the output of the inverter. Space Vector Modulation (SVM) is an algorithm for the control of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). SVM gives better...
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