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Influences of user's posture and contact conditions of electrodes on the transmission characteristics of human body communication (HBC) were studied. A subject wore a transmitter on the left wrist and touched the receiver electrode with his right or left index finger. User's postures were selected from possible scenarios in practical applications. Electrodes of the transmitter and/or the receiver...
In this study, we focused on the human body communication between an electrode located on the floor surface and a wearable electrode located on the forearm, and their transmission characteristics were investigated. As a result, the transmission characteristics S21 between the electrode on the floor and that on the arm were −61.6 dB and −56.8 dB when the single or dual electrode for the wearable receiver,...
In recent years, radio communication using ultrawideband (UWB) technology has shown great promise for healthcare and medical applications. Although many UWB antennas have been investigated and developed by several research institutes so far, it is difficult to find a loop type of antenna with broadband characteristics covering UWB frequency band. A loop antenna can be useful and effective component...
In recent years, radio communication using ultrawideband (UWB) technology has shown great promise for ubiquitous application. We have already investigated and developed the cross type of unbalanced dipole antenna with semicircular and trapezoidal radiating elements, and we have confirmed that the cross type of unbalanced dipole antenna performed with VSWR characteristics less than 2.0 over the UWB...
Human body communication (HBC) is a wireless transmission method that utilizes the human body as part of the transmission medium. A signal is transmitted by weak electric current through the human body and by capacitive coupling between transmitter, receiver, human body, and floor. Capacitive coupling with the floor is often included in the transmission models of HBC; however, its contribution is...
Recently, Near Field Communication (NFC) technology such as 13.56 MHz band-RFID has drawn a lot of attention as a short-range wireless communication technology for mobile and wearable devices. Although the NFC is a useful wireless communication within a few-centimeter area, it is not so convenient communication technology in the short-range from a few decimeters to meters. In this paper, in order...
In recent years, radio communication using ultra-wideband (UWB) technology has shown great promise for healthcare and medical applications. Antennas for UWB communication, using a frequency band from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz, require suitable wideband characteristics compared with antennas for conventional narrow band wireless communication. Although many UWB antennas have been investigated and developed by...
In recent years, human body communication draws a lot of attention as a promising wireless technology in order to materialize wireless body area network for mobile and wearable devices. In this study, we focused on the communication between an electrode located on the floor surface and a wearable electrode located on the forearm, and electromagnetic field distribution and transmission characteristics...
In recent years, radio communication using ultra-wideband (UWB) technology has shown great promise for ubiquitous application. We have already investigated and developed the cross type of unbalanced dipole antenna with semicircular and trapezoidal radiating elements, and we have confirmed that the cross type of unbalanced dipole antenna performed with VSWR characteristics less than 2.0 over the UWB...
In recent years, cognitive radio system has been receiving particular attention as a promising technology in order to materialize efficient network access. In this paper, heightening upper limit frequency of the wideband antenna for cognitive radio system was investigated by employing three types of the antenna element variations. As a result, the antenna with the VSWR less than 2.0, employing asymmetrical...
We have proposed body area networks using magnetic coupling between coils worn on an arm, and confirmed that the transmission characteristics were improved more than 20 dB compared with those of the conventional human body communication using electrodes in contact with the body. However, the arm will be bent with various angles in daily life. In this paper, electromagnetic characteristics such as...
Ground loop through the floor is often modeled in the transmission model of Human Body Communication (HBC). This paper reports evaluation of ground loop through the floor in HBC between two subjects shaking their hands, and HBC between a subject and a stationary receiver on the floor. Subjects wore a transmitter or a receiver on the wrist. Received signal strength was measured on carpet-covered aluminum...
We have proposed and investigated body area networks using magnetic coupling between coils worn on an arm, and confirmed that the transmission characteristics were improved more than 20 dB compared with those of the conventional human body communication using electrodes in contact with the body. However, the arm will be bent with various angles in daily life. In this paper, transmission characteristics...
We have proposed body area networks using magnetic coupling between coils worn on an arm, and confirmed that the transmission characteristics were improved more than 20 dB compared with those of the conventional human body communication using electrodes in contact with the body. However, the arm will be bent with various angles in daily life. In this paper, transmission characteristics between the...
In recent years, cognitive radio system is receiving particular attention as a promising technology in order to materialize efficient network access. In this paper, heightening upper limit frequency of the wideband antenna for cognitive radio system was investigated by employing three types of the antenna element variations. As a result, the antenna, employing asymmetrical elements, with the VSWR...
Human body communication (HBC) is expected to become a unique man-machine interface because the transmission path is established only when the user touches the target device. In this study, HBC between a stationary device and a wearable device worn on the wrist was investigated. Transmission characteristics between the devices and electric field around the human body model were calculated by electromagnetic...
In this study, we investigated the electric field distribution and transmission characteristics between a stationary device and an arm-mounted wearable human body communication device including earth ground. The results showed that when the stationary device signal electrode is excited, the electric field distribution around the legs and torso becomes weak when there is an earth ground as compared...
In recent years, ultra wideband (UWB) technology has been drawing attention as a promising technology in order to materialize ubiquitous network. The third-generation (3G) and the fourth-generation (4G) smartphones which employ the UWB technology have been hot. This study reports on a multiband antenna, which covers 800 MHz for 4G, 2.0 GHz for 3G and 3.1–10.6 GHz for UWB, built into such a smart phone...
This paper proposed an in-vehicle application of human body communication as a form of communication technology that allows stable and low-energy communication within the vehicle. We investigated the transmission characteristics and electric field distribution between a wearable device attached to the driver's forearm and a transmitter mounted on the steering wheel. It was found that at a distance...
Recently, wireless power transfer technology has drawn a lot of attention as a promising wireless power feeding and charging technology to mobile and wearable devices. Wireless power transmission using an excitation coil and several arrayed parasitic relay coils has been proposed in order to expand the power receiving area with highly efficient transmission. However, the efficiency of energy transmission...
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