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The objective of this paper is to characterize the electromagnetic waves propagation between adjacent decks on board a ship. First, narrowband measurements were conducted at 2.45 GHz to study the radio coverage. Different configuration scenarios where considered. Then, double directional channel sounding was performed at 3.5 GHz to determine the propagation mechanisms and multipath parameters in this...
Wireless propagation modeling is more and more needed for optimal indoor coverage in complex environment (such as offices, classrooms, etc.). Thus the need to predict electromagnetic propagation efficiently and accurately in the presence of obstacles, allowing engineers to planning efficiently the communicating devices. This paper will present a rigorous electromagnetic indoor propagation modeling...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) have recently gained a great attention in several applications such as environmental monitoring and target tracking. Applying this technology to shipboard monitoring systems may be a cost-effective solution to reduce the cost of wires installation and maintenance. However, wireless communications on board ships may be severely obstructed by the metallic structure of...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) may be a very useful technology for monitoring systems in hostile environments. Few works have treated the use of this technology in the particular metallic shipboard environment. This paper reports on the deployment of a WSN on board a ferry-type boat during realistic conditions. The network was tested during sailings and stopovers for several days. The results of our...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been used recently in different applications such as environmental monitoring and target tracking. Few papers have investigated the viability of this technology on board ships. We study in this paper the possibility of replacing the wired shipboard monitoring system by a WSN. This environment has a specific metallic structure which makes the wireless communication...
The objective of this reported work was to characterise electromagnetic wave propagation between adjacent rooms in the lower deck areas of ships. A wideband multiple-input multiple-output channel sounder has been used to realise double directional propagation measurements at 2.2 GHz. The antenna configuration was a linear array at the transmission side and a rectangular one at the reception. The measurement...
This paper presents a Doppler radar system used to detect the heartbeat signal from a d√istance of one meter. The proposed system is based on using a vector network analyzer and two antennas. Measurements are performed at 16 GHz for different power levels between 0 and •25 dBm. Both heartbeat rate and heart rate variability are extracted and compared to a simultaneous ECG signal.
Using techniques such as spatial division multiplexing (SDM), transmit beamforming, and space-time block coding (STBC), MIMO systems like IEEE 802.11n are conceived to increase dramatically throughput or to improve the reception range. Nevertheless, MIMO equipment in an indoor environment shows that the power level received in non-noisy conditions is not sufficient to explain the throughput variations...
In this study, the author propose a new method called coset partitioning to generate easily and efficiently the best space-time trellis codes (STTCs), thereby reducing considerably the usual important search time. This method, used in the case of 2n-PSK STTCs, is an extension of the set partitioning proposed by Ungerboeck based on the coset and lattice Calderbank's approach. The main guideline of...
This paper studies the feasibility of ubiquitous wireless technologies for shipboard monitoring systems. A measurement campaign has been conducted aboard a ferry boat to study the propagation challenges of wireless communication in this harsh environment. Path loss models have been obtained from the measurements results. We have used these results to determine engineering rules concerning the nodes...
This paper presents measured data and empirical models for 2.4 GHz radio propagation path loss aboard ships. The first experiment was conducted aboard a ferry moored to the port, while the second one was carried out aboard another ferry during its cruises between Roscoff (France) and Plymouth (UK). Three different shipboard environments, including engine rooms, parking and passengers' decks, were...
A 60 GHz wireless Gigabit Ethernet (G.E.) communication system capable of near gigabit data rate has been developed at IETR. The realized system covers 2 GHz available bandwidth. This paper describes the design and realization of the overall system including the baseband (BB), intermediate frequency (IF) and radiofrequency (RF) blocks. A differential binary shift keying (DBPSK) modulation and a differential...
In this paper, the generation of 16-QAM and 64-QAM space-time trellis codes (STTCs) for several transmit antennas is considered. The main problem with an exhaustive search is the important time to find the best 22n-QAM STTCs, especially for great values of n and for great numbers of transmit antennas. In order to reduce this search time, an efficient method must be used to generate optimal 22n-QAM...
This paper presents a system for touch-less heartbeat detection and a cardiopulmonary signal modeling approach. Using a vector network analyzer, a microwave system is tested for the detection of the heartbeat signal at a distance of 1 m from a person. The proposed system shows the ability of detecting the heartbeat signals with the possibility of tuning both frequency and power. Measurements are performed...
This paper presents a contact-less heartbeat detection system and a cardiopulmonary modeling. Using a vector network analyzer, our proposed microwave system shows the ability of detecting the heartbeat signal at different frequencies, as well as at different output power levels. Based on parameters extracted from real measurements, a model representing the heartbeat and the respiration signals is...
This paper presents the study and the realization of a hybrid 60 GHz wireless communications system. As the 60 GHz radio link operates only in a single-room configuration, an additional Radio over Fibre (RoF) link is used to ensure the communications in all the rooms of a residential environment. A single carrier architecture is adopted. The system uses low complexity baseband processing modules....
This paper presents the realization of a wireless Gigabit Ethernet communication system operating in the 60 GHz band. The system architecture uses a single carrier modulation. A differential encoded binary phase shift keying modulation and a differential demodulation scheme are adopted for the intermediate frequency blocks. The baseband blocks use Reed-Solomon RS (255, 239) coding and decoding for...
This paper presents a practical study for heartbeat detection at 1 m distance. Our microwave system, based on a vector network analyzer, is used at 2.4 GHz, 5.8 GHz, 10 GHz, 16 GHz, and 60 GHz. Heart Rate Variability is extracted from the time domain variation of the phase of S21 for both the original and the smoothed signal, and its standard deviation is calculated.
In this paper, we present a simple method to design the best 4-PSK space-time trellis codes (STTCs) for any number of transmit antennas. This method called ldquocoset partitioningrdquo is based on the set partitioning proposed by Ungerboeck for the multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems. Thanks to this method, an exhaustive search is no more required to find the best codes. Thus, new 4-PSK...
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