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On-chip clock generation is an attractive alternative to external quartz oscillators for low-power sensing systems. LC and ring oscillators typically use less power, and can start and stop much faster than traditional quartz oscillators, allowing systems to spend more time in low-power sleep states. A hybrid on-chip clocking scheme is evaluated in which a ring oscillator is used as the reference clock...
A monolithic and unpackaged silicon die is presented as a frequency source suitable for quartz crystal resonator (XTAL) and oscillator (XO) replacement. The frequency source is referenced to a free-running, frequency-trimmed and temperature-compensated 3 GHz RF LC oscillator. A programmable divider array enables the device to provide frequencies ranging from 6 to 133 MHz. A post-processed Faraday...
A 25 MHz all-CMOS clock generator is demonstrated where measured performance makes it suitable for direct replacement of the reference crystal oscillator (XO) for serial wire interfaces. Fabricated in a 0.25 mum 1P5M logic CMOS process, and with no external components, the developed clock generator dissipates 59.4 mW while exhibiting plusmn152 ppm frequency error over process, plusmn10% variation...
This work demonstrates a self-referenced CMOS LCO, or CMOS harmonic oscillator (CHO), that exhibits 90ppm total frequency error over process, bias and temperature, thus making it suitable for replacing XOs in many applications. Additionally, the clock generator can be configured to produce a number of different output frequencies, has 1/4 of the frequency error of the oscillator in [3] and includes...
Colonic fermentation of dietary fiber produces short-chain fatty acids which are energetic substrates for colonocytes. A high-fiber diet may lead to adaptations in colonocyte energy utilization, product formation and anaplerotic fluxes. For 2 weeks, Sprague-Dawley rats consumed diets containing 0, 150 or 300 g/kg fiber in place of digestible carbohydrate. Colonocytes were isolated; substrate oxidation...
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