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It is my great pleasure to announce this meeting, the 64th consecutive Frequency Control Symposium, one of the leading international technical conferences for research, development, and applications of frequency control. The 2010 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (FCS) will offer attendees and exhibitors a unique opportunity to interrelate both technically and socially.
MEMS resonators have been discussed as replacements for quartz crystals in electronics timing applications for more than 40 years. The emergence of high-quality, low-cost packaging for MEMS resonators has enabled the first demonstrations of long-term stability and opened the door for commercial applications.
This paper reports on the first demonstration of single-ended-to-differential and differential-to-differential (S2D and D2D) channel-select filters based on single-layer (SL) and dual-layer-stacked (DLS) AlN contour-mode MEMS resonators. The key filter performances in terms of insertion loss (as low as 1.4 dB), operating frequency (250-1280 MHz), and out-of-band rejection (up to 60 dB) constitute...
This paper reports fine frequency selection techniques for aluminum nitride (AlN) Lamb wave mode resonators (LWR) to control the relative frequency of resonators in an array to 0.1%. The technique that works the best is by adjusting the so-called AlN “overhang” dimension, OH, measured from the center of the outermost electrode to the edge of AlN plate independently of the interdigital transducer (IDT)...
Thermal compensation for aluminum nitride (AlN) Lamb wave resonators operating at high temperature is experimentally demonstrated in this study. By adding a compensating layer of silicon dioxide (SiO2), the turnover temperature can be designed for high temperature operation by varying the normalized AlN thickness (hAlN/λ) and the normalized SiO2 thickness (hSiO2/λ) in the AlN/SiO2 composite stack...
This paper reports internal dielectric transduction of the 41st radial bulk-mode of a ring resonator at 2.79 GHz with a quality factor exceeding 11,500 in air. The transducer electrodes are integrated within the vibrating structure in a dense serpentine pattern, with the dielectric-filled gaps strategically placed on the nodal lines to excite the 41st order bulk radial mode. The serpentine dielectric...
Miniature AT-strip quartz crystal resonators are capable of providing excellent frequency stability with good immunity to environmental influences. In particular, the fractional frequency change under acceleration is typically about 2 × 10-9 g-1. While more than good enough for most applications, for those that require low phase noise under vibration this may not be adequate. In this case, the sensitivity...
Combination of FEM for thermal analysis and Harmonic Balance oscillation analysis can achieve the highly frequency/temperature stable OCXO such as a few parts per billion frequency/temperature performance for the wide temperature range by simple single oven. This design method basically has been applied to the new OCXO for the LTE(Long Term Evolution)base-station of the next generation of the mobile...
Traditional oscillators used in timing modules of CDMA and WiMAX base stations are large and expensive. Applying cheaper and smaller oscillators in timing modules is an interesting research challenge. An adaptive control algorithm is presented to enhance these cheap but more inaccurate oscillators to meet the requirements of base stations during holdover mode. An oscillator frequency stability model...
The high frequency oscillator circuit is relatively more susceptive to Electro-Magnetic Interference (EMI) in Embedded Systems (ES). The effect of EMI can be both deterministic and random in nature that shows up as jitter in the time domain and translates into the phase noise in the frequency domain. If the impact of EMI is too large, the performance of the entire system would be affected in terms...
This paper presents the performances of an integrated oscillator working at 3.3V power supply for XO applications, extended to OCXO by digital selections. It is realized in a standard 0.35μm SiGe BiCMOS technology from austriamicrosystems AG®. Some experimental characterizations have been performed at 40 MHz and give good agreement with simulations. This die is then used to develop a miniaturized...
This paper describes analytical and experimental study of a zero-temperature-coefficient square Lamé-mode quartz resonator supported at four nodal points. Comparison of vibration mode shapes of the resonators with and without four supporting beams in the modal analysis using finite element analysis indicated that several contour modes vibrating at large amplitude in the corners with frequency lower...
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