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This paper describes a new homogenization algorithm validation methodology, and its use to assess the skill of eight different algorithms, when applied to synthetic daily temperature time series. These algorithms were ACMANT, Climatol (in both daily and monthly configurations), DAP, HOM, MAC‐D, MASH and SpliDHOM. Algorithms were tested on benchmark data replicating daily temperature variability in...
Global near surface temperature anomalies (degC relative to 1961–1990) for 2019. Data are from the HadCRUT.4.6.0.0 dataset (an update of Morice et al. 2012). Crosses indicate where temperatures exceed the 90th (small crosses) and 98th percentile (large ones) of the 1961–1990 distribution of annual temperatures. Dashes indicate temperature below the 10th (small) and 2nd (large) percentiles.
Globally, 2017 was one of the three warmest years on record at the surface of the Earth, despite neutral or weak La Niña conditions. Warmth was widespread in the climate system, with ocean heat and atmospheric temperatures also among the top three years. Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extents were below the long‐term average, and a number of months had record low extents. In the UK and Europe there...
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