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Vehicular Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) promises to reduce accidents by enabling assistance systems such as cross-traffic assistance. This application requires movement information from vehicles that are in Non-Line-Of-Sight (NLOS) due to buildings at intersection corners. DSRC is foreseen to use IEEE 802.11p to deliver regular Cooperative Awareness Messages (CAM). Due to the high operational...
Rapid developments and emergence of diverse wireless systems call for radio frontends with agile and multistandard properties. Within this publication the performance of a direct RF digitizing ΣΔ-modulator based analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is evaluated based on orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM) system simulation on the bitstream layer. The necessary transmit and receive building...
This paper presents the design and evaluation of a ΣΔ-modulator based analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for direct RF digitization within a multi-standard vehicular connectivity architecture. Upcoming trends and changes which will require new architecture concepts for connectivity in the automotive domain are discussed. Hardware requirements are derived. Based on these goals, a reconfigurable...
In this paper the suitability of active signal canceling architectures for interference reduction and coexistence management within multistandard transceivers for automotive use is evaluated. After description of the key concepts of reconfigurable vehicular connectivity architectures, we discuss active signal cancellation as an approach to suppress interference from transmitted signals. The realized...
This article discusses different alternatives for sending intelligent transportation systems (ITS) messages using long-term evolution (LTE) networks. Specifically, it compares the unicast and evolved Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Services (eMBMS) transmission modes by means of system-level simulations and a cost modeling analysis. The optimum configuration of the eMBMS carrier is studied for the...
This paper presents the evaluation of a volumetric 3D multi-element antenna for vehicular connectivity based on a system-level approach. First, the antenna design to be used in Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks and its realization based on molded interconnect device (MID) technology are shown. During the antenna evaluation, system-level key performance indicators (KPI) like condition number and channel...
In this contribution, we propose and analyze performance metrics for vehicular antenna systems. Considered metrics are the following: δD, RSS giving the difference in received signal strength (RSS) of the antennas, thus illustrating their supported diversity efficiency. The antenna gain outage rate ρG and the probability of antenna gain differences ρD. Further, the proposed performance metrics are...
In this contribution, we present the results of a measurement campaign targeting at system level evaluation of vehicular multiple-input-multiple-out (MIMO) antennas. Our measurements are performed on a test track served by a Long Term Evolution (LTE) base station operating in the 800 MHz band. We show system level evaluation results obtained by using two reference monopole antennas and two automotive...
In this contribution, we present a system level based evaluation metric for automotive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antennas. We introduce suitable performance indicators based on calculation and assessment of channel capacity and condition number. An evaluation and calibration of the proposed metric is performed both by simulation and measurements in fading channels. The approach enables...
Future vehicles are expected to integrate multiple radio access technologies to offer traffic information services for Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Dedicated short range communication (DSRC) being designed exclusively for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication is one of the major candidates to enable such services. The focus of this paper is to shed...
In the near term, vehicles will be connected with each other and to centralized off-board servers to provide automotive services. In this paper we analyze existing heterogeneous network selection algorithms. It is shown that the developed algorithm for network selection with additional cooperative information is well suited to improve the handover decisions compared to reference handover algorithms...
Future safety-related vehicular applications require reliable information exchange provided by Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC). As the wireless vehicular environment is very challenging, it is crucial to test and evaluate the performance of DSRC communications in real conditions through experimental tests. Yet, DSRC communications have been evaluated independently from vehicles, and precise...
Multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) is a technique to achieve high data rates in mobile communication networks and is used by the Long-Term Evolution (LTE) standard. The integration of a two antenna MIMO system for usage in worldwide LTE networks into a conventional automotive roof top antenna is discussed. In-situ antenna measurement results of the final LTE MIMO configuration are shown. Furthermore...
Future vehicles are expected to integrate multiple radio access technologies in order to support more efficiently traffic and infotainment applications. The focus of this paper is the performance evaluation of 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) for automotive applications. The results presented are based on field measurements, which were carried out on a test track in Munich, Germany. The focus is the...
In the past few years more and more wireless applications (e.g. WLAN and Bluetooth) have migrated into the automotive domain. With the increasing number of devices, coexistence investigations in the 2.45 GHz ISM band are gaining importance to enable reliable communications with real time requirements like voice transmission and streaming applications. This paper presents initial results on angle dependent...
Inter-vehicle communication promises to prevent accidents by enabling applications such as cross-traffic assistance. This application requires information from vehicles in Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) areas due to building at intersection corners. The periodic Cooperative Awareness Messages (CAM) are foreseen to be sent via 5.9 GHz IEEE 802.11p. While it is known that existing micro-cell models might...
Inter-vehicle communication promises to prevent accidents by enabling applications such as cross-traffic assistance. This application requires information from vehicles in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) areas due to building at intersection corners. The periodic cooperative awareness messages are foreseen to be sent via 5.9 GHz IEEE 802.11p. While it is known that existing micro-cell models might not apply...
Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications systems focus on the improvement of driver safety and traffic efficiency using the recently designated frequency bands in the 5.9GHz range in Europe. Due to the time-frequency selective fading behaviour of the vehicular communication channel, antenna-related effects impacted by the vehicular mounting position and mutual coupling play an integral role in the...
The time-varying propagation channel in vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications strongly influences the performance of a wireless system in terms of e.g. channel capacity or outage probability. Assuming knowledge of the channel characteristics, in simulations these parameters are generally calculated by using isotropic radiators instead of real antennas, thus neglecting the influence of the antennas'...
This paper presents the results of an empirical study of wireless propagation channels for vehicle-to-vehicle communications in street intersections, a scenario especially important for collision avoidance applications. The results are derived from a channel measurement campaign performed at 5.6 GHz in four different types of urban intersections. We present results on typical power delay profiles,...
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